{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T16:13:09Z","timestamp":1785255189592,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Immunology Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are a hallmark of many autoimmune diseases and can be detected many years before disease onset. Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) are frequently associated with other organ- and non-organ-specific autoimmune disorders.<jats:italic>Objectives<\/jats:italic>. To assess the prevalence of ANA in pediatric patients with AITD and their clinical correlations.<jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. Ninety-three consecutive pediatric patients with AITD were enrolled (86 children with chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis and 7 with Graves\u2019 disease). ANA, anti-double DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibodies, anti-extractable nuclear antigen (anti-ENA), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP), and rheumatoid factor (RF) was obtained. Signs and symptoms potentially related to rheumatic diseases in children were investigated by a questionnaire.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. ANA positivity was found in 66\/93 children (71%), anti-ENA in 4\/93 (4.3%), anti-dsDNA in 1\/93 (1.1%), RF in 3\/93 (3.2%), and anti-CCP in none. No significant differences were found between the ANA-positive and ANA-negative groups with respect to age, sex, L-thyroxine treatment, or prevalence of other autoimmune diseases. Overall, parental autoimmunity was found in 23%.<jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>. ANA positivity was demonstrated in 71% of children with AITD. ANA positivity was not related to overt immune-rheumatic diseases. However, because the positivity of ANA can occur even many years before the onset of systemic autoimmune diseases, prospective studies are warranted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/150239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,24]],"date-time":"2014-02-24T16:01:56Z","timestamp":1393257716000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["High Prevalence of Antinuclear Antibodies in Children with Thyroid Autoimmunity"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2014","author":[{"given":"Maria","family":"Segni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology Unit, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome, Via Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ida","family":"Pucarelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology Unit, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome, Via Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, 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