{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T16:52:03Z","timestamp":1791478323981,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23AR061441"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23AR061441"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Scientific World Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>IgG antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) are elevated in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) compared with patients with discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE). To provide an expanded immunologic view of circulating ANAs in lupus patients, we compared the expressions of IgG, IgM, and IgA ANAs in DLE and SLE patients. In this cross-sectional study, sera from age-, gender-, and ethnic-matched SLE<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mrow><mml:mfenced separators=\"|\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>N<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>35<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mfenced><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>, DLE<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mrow><mml:mfenced separators=\"|\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>N<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>23<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mfenced><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>, and normal patients<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mrow><mml:mfenced separators=\"|\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>N<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>22<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mfenced><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>were tested for IgG, IgM, and IgA ANAs using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) with monkey esophagus as substrate. ELISAs showed elevated levels of IgG ANA, IgM ANA, and IgG\/IgM ANA ratios in SLE patients compared with DLE and normal patients. IgA ANA expression was higher in SLE and DLE patients versus normal patients. IIF studies showed higher percentages of patients positive for IgG, IgM, and IgA ANAs in the SLE group. Higher IgG\/IgM ANA ratios in SLE than DLE show enhanced class-switching and a more sustained humoral response in SLE. They also suggest a potential connection of IgM ANAs with disease containment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/171028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,9]],"date-time":"2014-03-09T09:17:41Z","timestamp":1394356661000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["IgG, IgM, and IgA Antinuclear Antibodies in Discoid and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2014","author":[{"given":"Sheridan A.","family":"Jost","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard., Dallas, TX 75390-9069, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin-Chiang","family":"Tseng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard., Dallas, TX 75390-9069, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loderick A.","family":"Matthews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard., Dallas, TX 75390-9069, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Vasquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard., Dallas, TX 75390-9069, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Song","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard., Dallas, TX 75390-9066, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim B.","family":"Yancey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard., Dallas, TX 75390-9069, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin F.","family":"Chong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard., Dallas, TX 75390-9069, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1097\/00002281-198901030-00014","volume":"1","year":"1989","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Rheumatology"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2011.10272.x"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2012.207"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.111.11.1448"},{"issue":"11","key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780251101","volume":"25","year":"1982","journal-title":"Arthritis and Rheumatism"},{"issue":"1","key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.149.1.350","volume":"149","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"3","key":"7","first-page":"449","volume":"91","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Immunology"},{"issue":"2","key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI117371","volume":"94","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.279.5353.1052"},{"issue":"3","key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00541161","volume":"2","year":"1982","journal-title":"Rheumatology International"},{"issue":"6","key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1177\/096120339600500604","volume":"5","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002960050063"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21379"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2009.03.011"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.2006.03251.x"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/0961203304lu485oa"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0071458"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12016-007-8046-x"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0303-6987.2005.00337.x"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0510756103"},{"issue":"5","key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12876246","volume":"94","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Investigative Dermatology"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1100450"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3001201"}],"container-title":["The Scientific World Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/tswj\/2014\/171028.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/tswj\/2014\/171028.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/tswj\/2014\/171028.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]],"date-time":"2023-07-11T01:48:10Z","timestamp":1689040090000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/tswj\/2014\/171028\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"references-count":23,"alternative-id":["171028","171028"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2014\/171028","relation":{},"ISSN":["2356-6140","1537-744X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2356-6140","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-744X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014]]}}}