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The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of IL-4 gene polymorphisms in chronic periodontitis and to investigate the association between polymorphisms and cytokines production after bacterial stimulation. Sixty-two subjects (47 CP patients and 15 healthy controls) with detected two polymorphisms in the IL-4 gene (-590C\/T and intron 3 VNTR) were examined. Production of cytokines (IL-1<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, IL-1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, TNF<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, INF<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>, and VEGF) was studied after<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>stimulation of isolated peripheral blood by mitogens (Pokeweed mitogen, Concanavalin A), dental plaque bacteria (<jats:italic>Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Tannerella forsythia, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Prevotella intermedia<\/jats:italic>), and Heat Shock Protein (HSP) 70 by the Luminex<jats:italic>multiplex cytokine analysis<\/jats:italic>system. The results were correlated with IL-4 genotypes in patients with CP and healthy controls. The mononuclear cells isolated from peripheral blood of CP patients with selected IL-4 polymorphisms significantly altered the production of IFN<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>, IL-10, IL-1<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>, IL-1<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, TNF<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, and IL-6 after stimulation by HSP 70 or selected bacteria (from<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>to<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). IL-4 gene polymorphisms may influence the function of mononuclear cells to produce not only interleukin-4 but also other cytokines, especially in patients with CP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/185757","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,29]],"date-time":"2014-10-29T21:01:26Z","timestamp":1414616486000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["The Effect of IL-4 Gene Polymorphisms on Cytokine Production in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis and in Healthy Controls"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2014","author":[{"given":"Jirina","family":"Bartova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical and Experimental Dental Medicine, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Karlovo nam. 554\/32, 12808 Prague, Czech 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