{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:05:01Z","timestamp":1761609901730,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Wi-3723\/1-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Wi-3723\/1-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Disease Markers"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background\/Aim<\/jats:italic>. ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a small-vessel vasculitis of autoimmune origin. In addition to autoantibodies, T cells have a pivotal pathophysiological role in this disease. T-cell homeostasis and immune tolerance critically depend on IL-2 and its receptor expressed by T cells. In this study, we investigated the IL-2 receptor (IL-2r) expression on CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells in AAV.<jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. Thirty patients with AAV and 15 age-matched healthy controls (HC) were enrolled. T cells from peripheral blood were analysed by flow cytometry for expression of the IL-2r<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>- and<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>-chain.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. The IL-2r<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>-chain was overexpressed in AAV as compared to HC (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mn>36<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>16<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>% versus<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mn>20<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>9<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>%,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.005<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). The IL-2r-<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>-chain expression was significantly reduced on CD25<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T-cells and CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>CD25<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>FoxP<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mn>3<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>p<\/mml:mtext><mml:mtext>o<\/mml:mtext><mml:mtext>s<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msup><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>regulatory T-cells (Tregs; AAV versus HC:<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\"><mml:mn>48<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>14<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>% versus<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\"><mml:mn>62<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>9<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>%,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M7\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.002<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>and<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M8\"><mml:mn>38<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>18<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>% versus<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M9\"><mml:mn>68<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>5<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>%,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M10\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.002<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). Low<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>-chain expression in AAV was associated with relapsing disease and systemic vasculitis with renal involvement.<jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. The IL-2r expression pattern is abnormal in AAV. To our knowledge, we are the first to show that the<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>-chain expression is drastically diminished on T cells in AAV and related to a less favorable disease course. Given the indispensable function of the<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>-chain in IL-2 signaling of T cells, diminished expression may contribute to disturbed immune homeostasis in AAV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/249846","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,9]],"date-time":"2014-02-09T21:00:47Z","timestamp":1391979647000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Abnormal Expression Pattern of the IL-2 Receptor<i>\u03b2<\/i>-Chain on CD4<sup><b>+<\/b><\/sup>T Cells in ANCA-Associated Vasculitis"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2014","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5115-6799","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Benjamin","family":"Wilde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstra\u00dfe 55, 45122 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Hoerning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics II, Pediatric Nephrology, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology, and Transplant Medicine, Children\u2019s Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, 45122 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Kribben","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstra\u00dfe 55, 45122 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Witzke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstra\u00dfe 55, 45122 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Dolff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstra\u00dfe 55, 45122 Essen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2010.472"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2923"},{"issue":"3","key":"3","first-page":"379","volume":"83","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Immunology"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfp019"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.56.10.751"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2006.01698.x"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R227","DOI":"10.1186\/ar4066","volume":"14","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis Research 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