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Leukocyte recruitment to infected tissue is a crucial event for the control of infections such as VL. Leucotriens are lipid mediators synthesized by 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) and they display a protective role against protozoan parasites by inducing several functions in leucocytes. We determined the role of 5-LO activity in parasite control, focusing on the inflammatory immune response against<jats:italic>Leishmania infantum<\/jats:italic>infection. LTB<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>is released during<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>infection. The genetic ablation of 5-LO promoted susceptibility in highly resistant mice strains, harboring more parasites into target organs. The susceptibility was related to the failure of neutrophil migration to the infectious foci. Investigating the neutrophil failure, there was a reduction of proinflammatory cytokines involved in the related Th17 axis released into the organs. Genetic ablation of 5-LO reduced the CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T cells producing IL-17, without interfering in Th1 subset.<jats:italic>L. infantum<\/jats:italic>failed to activate DC from<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mn mathvariant=\"normal\">5<\/mml:mn><mml:mtext>-<\/mml:mtext><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>LO<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>-<\/mml:mo><mml:mo>\/<\/mml:mo><mml:mo>-<\/mml:mo><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msup><\/mml:math>, showing reduced surface costimulatory molecule expression and proinflammatory cytokines involved in Th17 differentiation. BLT<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>blockage with selective antagonist interferes with DC maturation and proinflammatory cytokines release. Thus, 5-LO activation coordinates the inflammatory immune response involved in the control of VL.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/264270","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,9,21]],"date-time":"2014-09-21T21:00:40Z","timestamp":1411333240000},"page":"1-12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Protective Role of 5-Lipoxigenase during<i>Leishmania infantum<\/i>Infection Is Associated with Th17 Subset"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2014","author":[{"given":"La\u00eds Amorim","family":"Sacramento","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 14049-900 Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernando Q.","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 14049-900 Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, SP, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roque Pacheco","family":"de Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Santana","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto Medical School, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Avenida Bandeirantes 3900, 14049-900 Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, SP, 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