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putih<\/jats:italic>is traditionally used in food preparations and treatment of various ailments including cancer. The cytotoxic activity of hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and the methanol-soxhlet extracts of<jats:italic>Curcuma zedoaria<\/jats:italic>rhizomes was tested on two human cancer cell lines (Ca Ski and MCF-7) and a noncancer cell line (HUVEC) using MTT assay. Investigation on the chemical components in the hexane and dichloromethane fractions gave 19 compounds, namely, labda-8(17),12 diene-15,16 dial (<jats:bold>1<\/jats:bold>), dehydrocurdione (<jats:bold>2<\/jats:bold>), curcumenone (<jats:bold>3<\/jats:bold>), comosone II (<jats:bold>4<\/jats:bold>), curcumenol (<jats:bold>5<\/jats:bold>), procurcumenol (<jats:bold>6<\/jats:bold>), germacrone (<jats:bold>7<\/jats:bold>), zerumbone epoxide (<jats:bold>8<\/jats:bold>), zederone (<jats:bold>9<\/jats:bold>), 9-isopropylidene-2,6-dimethyl-11-oxatricyclo[6.2.1.0<jats:sup>1,5<\/jats:sup>]undec-6-en-8-ol (<jats:bold>10<\/jats:bold>), furanodiene (<jats:bold>11<\/jats:bold>), germacrone-4,5-epoxide (<jats:bold>12<\/jats:bold>), calcaratarin A (<jats:bold>13<\/jats:bold>), isoprocurcumenol (<jats:bold>14<\/jats:bold>), germacrone-1,10-epoxide (<jats:bold>15<\/jats:bold>), zerumin A (<jats:bold>16<\/jats:bold>), curcumanolide A (<jats:bold>17<\/jats:bold>), curcuzedoalide (<jats:bold>18<\/jats:bold>), and gweicurculactone (<jats:bold>19<\/jats:bold>). Compounds (<jats:bold>1<\/jats:bold>\u2013<jats:bold>19<\/jats:bold>) were evaluated for their antiproliferative effect using MTT assay against four cancer cell lines (Ca Ski, MCF-7, PC-3, and HT-29). Curcumenone (<jats:bold>3<\/jats:bold>) and curcumenol (<jats:bold>5<\/jats:bold>) displayed strong antiproliferative activity (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>IC<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>50<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>8.3<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>1.0<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>and<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mn>9.3<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.3<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/mL, resp.) and were found to induce apoptotic cell death on MCF-7 cells using phase contrast and Hoechst 33342\/PI double-staining assay. Thus, the present study provides basis for the ethnomedical application of<jats:italic>Curcuma zedoaria<\/jats:italic>in the treatment of breast cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/321943","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,13]],"date-time":"2014-07-13T17:03:04Z","timestamp":1405270984000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Cytotoxic Constituents from the Rhizomes of<i>Curcuma zedoaria<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2014","author":[{"given":"Omer Abdalla","family":"Ahmed Hamdi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Natural Products and Drugs Discovery (CENAR), University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"},{"name":"Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Syarifah Nur","family":"Syed Abdul Rahman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biological Sciences, 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