{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T18:32:23Z","timestamp":1760985143804},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Immunology Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The current candidate vaccine against<jats:italic>Yersinia pestis<\/jats:italic>infection consists of two subunit proteins: the capsule protein or F1 protein and the low calcium response V protein or V-antigen. Little is known of the recognition of the vaccine by the host\u2019s innate immune system and how it affects the acquired immune response to the vaccine. Thus, we vaccinated Toll-like receptor (Tlr)<jats:italic>2<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>4<\/jats:italic>, and<jats:italic>2\/4<\/jats:italic>-double deficient, as well as signal adaptor protein<jats:italic>Myd88<\/jats:italic>-deficient mice. We found that Tlr4 and Myd88 appeared to be required for an optimal immune response to the F1-V vaccine but not Tlr2 when compared to wild-type mice. However, there was a difference between the requirement for Tlr4 and MyD88 in vaccinated animals. When F1-V vaccinated<jats:italic>Tlr4<\/jats:italic>mutant (lipopolysaccharide tolerant) and<jats:italic>Myd88<\/jats:italic>-deficient mice were challenged by aerosol with<jats:italic>Y. pestis<\/jats:italic>CO92, all but one<jats:italic>Tlr4<\/jats:italic>mutant mice survived the challenge, but no vaccinated<jats:italic>Myd88<\/jats:italic>-deficient mice survived the challenge. Spleens from these latter nonsurviving mice showed that<jats:italic>Y. pestis<\/jats:italic>was not cleared from the infected mice. Our results suggest that MyD88 appears to be important for both an optimal immune response to F1-V and in protection against a lethal challenge of<jats:italic>Y. pestis<\/jats:italic>CO92 in F1-V vaccinated mice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/341820","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,6,16]],"date-time":"2014-06-16T21:33:05Z","timestamp":1402954385000},"page":"1-13","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Multiple Roles of Myd88 in the Immune Response to the Plague F1-V Vaccine and in Protection against an Aerosol Challenge of<i>Yersinia pestis<\/i>CO92 in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2014","author":[{"given":"Jennifer L.","family":"Dankmeyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21703, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Randy L.","family":"Fast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"US Army Medical 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