{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T06:48:50Z","timestamp":1761979730722,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Baqiyatallah Medical University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Tropical Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Objectives<\/jats:italic>. The prevalence of<jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>and the risk factors of zoonotic transmission in Najafabad, Isfahan, Iran dairy farms were examined.<jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. One fecal sample was collected from all calves less than 6 months old in eight dairy farms around Najafabad (Isfahan province, Central Iran) as well as individuals working in these farms and their household members. A two-step nested PCR protocol was used to amplify the 18S rRNA gene (830\u2009bp).<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>was identified in the stool of 36 (prevalence 8.5%) of 96 farm workers and 326 household members. Furthermore, 31 (14.2%) of 218 calf samples were positive.<jats:italic>Cryptosporidium parvum<\/jats:italic>was identified in 15 (72%) of the positive farm workers and 10 (65%) of the positive household members. Of the positive calves, 20 (64.5%) were infected with<jats:italic>C. parvum<\/jats:italic>, indicating possible zoonotic transmission in these farms. Contact with calves (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>&lt; 0.0001) was the most significant risk factor of<jats:italic>C. parvum<\/jats:italic>infection. A considerable negative association was observed between<jats:italic>C. parvum<\/jats:italic>infection and cleaning of shoes\/boots after daily work (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>= 0.004), hand washing (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>= 0.013), and use of piped water (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>&lt; 0.006). In the multivariate analysis with logistic regression, only contact with calves was significant.<jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. Zoonotic transmission of<jats:italic>C. parvum<\/jats:italic>due to contact with calves is predominant among farm workers and their household members of this region and appropriate health measures must be applied to control the infection and decrease of zoonotic transmission of this parasite.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/405875","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,27]],"date-time":"2014-04-27T21:02:07Z","timestamp":1398632527000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Cryptosporidiosis in Iranian Farm Workers and Their Household Members: A Hypothesis about Possible Zoonotic Transmission"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2014","author":[{"given":"Morteza","family":"Izadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Mollasadra Street, Vanak Square, Tehran 14359151371, 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Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reza","family":"Ranjbar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14359151371, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2009.02.003"},{"first-page":"79","volume-title":"Epidemiology","year":"2008","key":"2"},{"issue":"2","key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1982.31.226","volume":"31","year":"1982","journal-title":"American Journal of Tropical Medicine and 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