{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T10:21:14Z","timestamp":1758709274544},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gastroenterology Research and Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. Since the incidence of adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus is rising, the prognosis is poor, and surveillance programs are expensive and mostly cost ineffective, there is a need to increase the knowledge of risk factors in Barrett\u2019s oesophagus and oesophageal cancer in order to be able to give attention to medical prevention and\/or surveillance programs.<jats:italic>Aim<\/jats:italic>. To study if there is a correlation between the development of Barrett\u2019s oesophagus and GOR (gastro oesophageal reflux), family history of GOR, and life style factors, such as alcohol, smoking habits, and mental stress.<jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. Fifty-five consecutively selected patients with Barrett\u2019s oesophagus (BO) examined at Link\u00f6ping University Hospital\u2019s Oesophageal Laboratory were matched by sex, age, and duration of reflux symptoms with 55 GOR patients without Barrett\u2019s oesophagus at the Oesophageal Laboratory. The medical charts in respective groups were examined for comparison of life style factors, mental stress, medication, duration of gastroesophageal acid reflux at 24\u2009hr-pH-metry, and incidence of antireflux surgery and of adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus (ACO). Also, potential gender differences and diagnosis of ACO were studied.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Mean percentage reflux time on 24\u2009hr-pH-metry was higher for the Barrett\u2019s oesophagus group, 18% for women and 17% for men compared to 4% for women and 4% for men in the control group (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>). Family history of GOR was more frequent in Barrett\u2019s oesophagus patients (62%) than in the control group (35%) (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>). Male patients with Barrett\u2019s oesophagus had medical therapy for their GOR symptoms to a higher extent (38%) than male controls (65%) (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>). No difference was found in the number of tobacco users or former tobacco users between Barrett\u2019s oesophagus patients and controls. Barrett\u2019s oesophagus patients had the same level of alcohol consumption and the same average BMI as the control subjects. Female patients with Barrett\u2019s oesophagus rated themselves as more mentally stressed (67%) than the female controls (38%) (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>). In the five-year medical chart follow-up, five of 55 patients developed adenocarcinoma among the Barrett\u2019s oesophagus patients, none in the control group.<jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>. Long reflux time and family clustering of GOR seem to influence the development of Barrett\u2019s oesophagus. Smoking habits, alcohol consumption and BMI do not seem to have any impact on the development of Barrett\u2019s oesophagus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/408470","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,26]],"date-time":"2014-05-26T21:03:03Z","timestamp":1401138183000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Influence of Life Style Factors on Barrett\u2019s Oesophagus"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2014","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Horna Strand","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transplantation Surgery, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institutet, Gastrocentrum, Karolinska University Hospital, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Franz\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, the Faculty of Health Sciences, Link\u00f6ping University, 58183 Link\u00f6ping, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"98","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.33427","volume":"122","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/egh.09.43"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2010.04428.x"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2004.041566"},{"issue":"15","key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1972","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.287.15.1972","volume":"287","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2008.11.042"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(01)02616-9"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5009\/gnl.2007.1.2.93"},{"issue":"4","key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1400","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(92)90784-V","volume":"102","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1352","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.35.10.1352","volume":"35","year":"1994","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800740906"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1998.161_b.x"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199903183401101"},{"issue":"2","key":"14","first-page":"85","volume":"4","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1997.v113.pm9352846"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.274.6.474"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008913828105"},{"issue":"4","key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(92)91510-B","volume":"103","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"4","key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"918","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(90)90607-3","volume":"99","year":"1990","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.48.3.304"},{"issue":"6","key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198608073150605","volume":"315","year":"1986","journal-title":"The New England Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00053153","volume":"4","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cancer Causes and Control"},{"issue":"10","key":"16","first-page":"761","volume":"5","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention"}],"container-title":["Gastroenterology Research and Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/grp\/2014\/408470.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/grp\/2014\/408470.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/grp\/2014\/408470.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,22]],"date-time":"2017-06-22T13:52:00Z","timestamp":1498139520000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/grp\/2014\/408470\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"references-count":23,"alternative-id":["408470","408470"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2014\/408470","relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-6121","1687-630X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1687-6121","type":"print"},{"value":"1687-630X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014]]}}}