{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T07:53:08Z","timestamp":1790322788739,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":120,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Scientifica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Human hepatitis E virus (HHEV) spreads early in life among the population in areas endemic for genotype 1 and infects mainly adults in areas endemic for genotype 3, where it would be responsible for about 10% of cases of suspected acute viral hepatitis of unknown etiology and for a number of subclinical, unrecognized infections. The overall prevalence of antibody to HHEV is high in most of the former areas and low in most of the later ones, but wide regional differences have been recorded in both cases. \u201cHot spots\u201d of HHEV infection would exist for both types of strains in particular regions or among particular populations of the world. Studies on pork derivatives, shellfish bivalves, and vegetables for HHEV contamination at the sale point need to be extended for evaluating the impact of the agent on food safety, and the meaning of the finding of HHEV genotype 1 genomes in urban sewage from developed countries should be established through active surveillance. Consensus about technical issues in regard to anti-HEV testing would improve the knowledge of the HHEV epidemiology. Studies in particular regions and populations, and introduction of molecular diagnosis in the clinical setting as a routine tool, would also be required.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/481016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,10]],"date-time":"2014-02-10T16:01:52Z","timestamp":1392048112000},"page":"1-14","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Light and Darkness: Prevalence of Hepatitis E Virus Infection among the General Population"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2014","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9-Manuel","family":"Echevarr\u00eda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, National Centre of Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Road Majadahonda-Pozuelo, Km2, Majadahonda, 28220 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/591971"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9134","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00800-12","volume":"86","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Virology"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virusres.2011.03.019"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4161","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02762-12","volume":"87","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Virology"},{"key":"48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2009.09-0352"},{"key":"56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-006-0882-0"},{"key":"83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2004.12.005"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1838","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268811002913","volume":"140","year":"2012","journal-title":"Epidemiology and Infection"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2009.01.005"},{"key":"84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/599319"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1338110","volume":"33","year":"2013","journal-title":"Seminars in Liver Disease"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s100960050377"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199710163371601"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1338112","volume":"33","year":"2013","journal-title":"Seminars in Liver Disease"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-008-0480-z"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1511.091094"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1338115","volume":"33","year":"2013","journal-title":"Seminars in Liver Disease"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0033-1338111","volume":"33","year":"2013","journal-title":"Seminars in Liver Disease"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit291"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2893.2006.00786.x"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2009.03.006"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2009.01.008"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2010.09.016","volume":"50","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Virology"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-5-297","volume":"5","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Research Notes"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1902.120961","volume":"19","year":"2013","journal-title":"Emerging Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2011.06.015"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1708.100769"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2009.12.021"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.23277","volume":"84","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Virology"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00705-011-0991-2"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1408.080049"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2085","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1812.120924","volume":"18","year":"2012","journal-title":"Emerging Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1007\/s12560-012-9078-9","volume":"4","year":"2012","journal-title":"Food and Environmental Virology"},{"key":"29","first-page":"1282","volume":"18","year":"2012","journal-title":"Emerging Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1901.120983","volume":"19","year":"2013","journal-title":"Emerging Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.22270"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.21656"},{"key":"34"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2012.09.010","volume":"56","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Virology"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9071(199607)49:3<230::AID-JMV12>3.0.CO;2-G","volume":"49","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Virology"},{"issue":"5","key":"85","first-page":"68","volume":"94","year":"1998","journal-title":"Texas Medicine"},{"key":"100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6822(92)90230-M"},{"key":"101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1037","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.23526","volume":"85","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Virology"},{"issue":"1","key":"102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1086\/514037","volume":"176","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.12326"},{"issue":"4","key":"111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1111\/vox.12056","volume":"105","year":"2013","journal-title":"Vox Sanguinis"},{"key":"108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00235-07"},{"key":"95","first-page":"144","volume":"5","year":"1999","journal-title":"Revista Panamericana de Salud P\u00fablica"},{"issue":"3","key":"88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890420305","volume":"42","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Virology"},{"issue":"6","key":"89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1996.11813098","volume":"90","year":"1996","journal-title":"Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology"},{"key":"115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.21062"},{"key":"116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eimc.2012.06.008","volume":"31","year":"2013","journal-title":"Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiolog\u00eda Cl\u00ednica"},{"key":"117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/432488"},{"key":"118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-8-487"},{"key":"119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5153","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.00436-12","volume":"78","year":"2012","journal-title":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology"},{"key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2893.2002.00355.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1999.60.277","volume":"60","year":"1999","journal-title":"The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"issue":"12","key":"54","volume":"4","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.20040"},{"key":"98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.20324"},{"key":"120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/593211"},{"issue":"1","key":"121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1401.070307","volume":"14","year":"2008","journal-title":"Emerging Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"4","key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2893.1996.tb00095.x","volume":"3","year":"1996","journal-title":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis"},{"issue":"3","key":"39","first-page":"181","volume":"19","year":"2007","journal-title":"Annali di igiene"},{"key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9071(199905)58:1<49::AID-JMV7>3.0.CO;2-C","volume":"58","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Virology"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00255-06","volume":"13","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clinical and Vaccine Immunology"},{"key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00014-08"},{"key":"43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1654","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1810.111756","volume":"18","year":"2012","journal-title":"Emerging Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"5","key":"44","first-page":"461","volume":"38","year":"2001","journal-title":"Indian Pediatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"46","first-page":"328","volume":"40","year":"2003","journal-title":"Indian Pediatrics"},{"key":"47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2009.07.017"},{"key":"49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1080\/09674845.2013.11669926","volume":"70","year":"2013","journal-title":"British Journal of Biomedical Science"},{"key":"50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12030"},{"key":"51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9071(199910)59:2<164::AID-JMV7>3.0.CO;2-J","volume":"59","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Virology"},{"key":"52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.20059"},{"issue":"11","key":"55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1682","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1211.060332","volume":"12","year":"2006","journal-title":"Emerging Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"2","key":"57","first-page":"105","volume":"28","year":"2007","journal-title":"Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi"},{"key":"58","first-page":"46","volume":"26","year":"2012","journal-title":"Zhonghua Shi Yan He Lin Chuang Bing Du Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.23429","volume":"85","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Virology"},{"key":"61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0270-9139(94)90284-4"},{"issue":"9","key":"62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.1995.tb03250.x","volume":"39","year":"1995","journal-title":"Microbiology and Immunology"},{"key":"63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.20193"},{"key":"64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s005350170097"},{"key":"65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.21678"},{"key":"66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-12-142","volume":"12","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01715499"},{"key":"68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1017524630372"},{"key":"69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/AMicr.49.2002.1.9"},{"key":"70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1341-8076.2004.00155.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"71","first-page":"CR36","volume":"12","year":"2006","journal-title":"Medical Science Monitor"},{"key":"72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2007.01248.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"73","first-page":"251","volume":"43","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mikrobiyoloji Bulteni"},{"issue":"1","key":"74","first-page":"157","volume":"14","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal"},{"key":"75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.03.030"},{"issue":"1","key":"76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.26719\/2009.15.1.136","volume":"15","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal"},{"key":"77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/S1413-8670(12)70330-6","volume":"16","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases"},{"key":"78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2012.05.013","volume":"106","year":"2012","journal-title":"Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropica Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2010.08.007"},{"key":"80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890450314"},{"issue":"4","key":"81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2000.62.519","volume":"62","year":"2000","journal-title":"The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"issue":"2","key":"82","first-page":"71","volume":"12","year":"2005","journal-title":"The Egyptian Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"7","key":"86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1155\/2007\/289059","volume":"21","year":"2007","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"5","key":"87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2893.1997.00063.x","volume":"4","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis"},{"issue":"1","key":"90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1996.55.1.TM0550010017","volume":"55","year":"1996","journal-title":"The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene"},{"key":"91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8305.1997.tb00788.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"92","first-page":"139","volume":"134","year":"2006","journal-title":"Revista Medica de Chile"},{"issue":"3","key":"93","first-page":"275","volume":"125","year":"1997","journal-title":"Revista Medica de Chile"},{"key":"94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3156.1999.00457.x"},{"key":"96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/S0188-0128(99)00019-6","volume":"30","year":"1999","journal-title":"Archives of Medical Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86822002000200005","volume":"35","year":"2002","journal-title":"Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical"},{"key":"99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2010.08.006"},{"issue":"8","key":"104","first-page":"997","volume":"135","year":"2007","journal-title":"Revista Medica de Chile"},{"issue":"1","key":"105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2893.1999.t01-1-6120135.x","volume":"6","year":"1999","journal-title":"Journal of Viral Hepatitis"},{"key":"106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1386-6532(99)00062-1"},{"issue":"2","key":"107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46652006000200006","volume":"48","year":"2006","journal-title":"Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo"},{"key":"109","first-page":"447","volume":"10","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta M\u00e9dica Portuguesa"},{"issue":"2","key":"110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1423-0410.1999.7620078.x","volume":"76","year":"1999","journal-title":"Vox Sanguinis"},{"issue":"1","key":"112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.12121","volume":"54","year":"2014","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"key":"113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01466-09","volume":"48","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Microbiology"},{"key":"114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1423-0410.2010.01362.x"}],"container-title":["Scientifica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/scientifica\/2014\/481016.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/scientifica\/2014\/481016.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/scientifica\/2014\/481016.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,7]],"date-time":"2019-08-07T10:05:25Z","timestamp":1565172325000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/scientifica\/2014\/481016\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"references-count":120,"alternative-id":["481016","481016"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2014\/481016","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-908X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-908X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014]]}}}