{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T05:30:55Z","timestamp":1783488655592,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Diabetes Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Diabetic ketosis had been identified as a characteristic of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), but now emerging evidence has identified that they were diagnosed as T2DM after long time follow up. This case control study was aimed at comparing the clinical characteristic,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>\u03b2<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>-cell function, and insulin resistance of ketosis and nonketotic onset T2DM and providing evidence for treatment selection. 140 cases of newly diagnosed T2DM patients were divided into ketosis (62 cases) and nonketotic onset group (78 cases). After correction of hyperglycemia and ketosis with insulin therapy, plasma C-peptide concentrations were measured at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 hours after 75\u2009g glucose oral administration. Area under the curve (AUC) of C-peptide was calculated. Homoeostasis model assessment was used to estimate basal<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>\u03b2<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>-cell function (HOMA-<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>\u03b2<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Our results showed that ketosis onset group had higher prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) than nonketotic group (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.04<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). Ketosis onset group had increased plasma C-peptide levels at 0\u2009h, 0.5\u2009h, and 3\u2009h and higher<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>AUC<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn mathvariant=\"normal\">0<\/mml:mn><mml:mtext>\u2013<\/mml:mtext><mml:mn mathvariant=\"normal\">0.5<\/mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\"\/><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M7\"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>AUC<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0<\/mml:mn><mml:mtext>\u2013<\/mml:mtext><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">1<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M8\"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>AUC<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn mathvariant=\"normal\">0<\/mml:mn><mml:mtext>\u2013<\/mml:mtext><mml:mn mathvariant=\"normal\">3<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>(<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M9\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). Moreover, this group also had higher HOMA-<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M10\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>\u03b2<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>and HOMA-IR than nonketotic group (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M11\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). From these data, we concluded that ketosis onset T2DM had better islet<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M12\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>\u03b2<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>-cell function and more serious insulin resistance than nonketotic onset T2DM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/510643","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,13]],"date-time":"2014-04-13T17:04:25Z","timestamp":1397408665000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Ketosis Onset Type 2 Diabetes Had Better Islet<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold\">\u03b2<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>-Cell Function and More Serious Insulin Resistance"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2014","author":[{"given":"Hongyun","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingjuan","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingling","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shunkui","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liao","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, 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