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Damage was also aggravated by pretreatment with indomethacin and the selective COX-1 but not COX-2 inhibitor, whereas PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>showed a biphasic effect depending on the dose; a protection at low doses, and an aggravation at high doses, with both being mediated by EP1 receptors. Various amino acids also affected this esophagitis in different ways; L-alanine and L-glutamine had a deleterious effect, while L-arginine and glycine were highly protective, both due to yet unidentified mechanisms. It is assumed that acid\/pepsin plays a major pathogenic role in this model of esophagitis; PGs derived from COX-1 are involved in mucosal defense of the esophagus; and some amino acids are protective against esophagitis. These findings also suggest a novel therapeutic approach in the treatment of esophagitis, in addition to acid suppressant therapy. The model introduced may be useful to test the protective effects of drugs on esophagitis and investigate the mucosal defense mechanism in the esophagus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/532594","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,2]],"date-time":"2014-02-02T21:02:34Z","timestamp":1391374954000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Animal Model of Acid-Reflux Esophagitis: Pathogenic Roles of Acid\/Pepsin, Prostaglandins, and Amino Acids"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2014","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9668-6021","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Koji","family":"Takeuchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pathological Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Misasagi, Yamashina, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan"},{"name":"General Incorporated Association, Kyoto Research Center for Gastrointestinal Diseases, Karasuma-Oike 671, Kyoto 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