{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T07:22:15Z","timestamp":1768461735128,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian National Institute of Health for Rare Disease"},{"name":"Italy-US program 2007\u20132011"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Aim.<\/jats:italic>The purpose of the present study was to characterize the morphological features of thymoma metastases in lymph nodes and to evaluate the possibility of their subtyping according to the 2004 WHO classification of thymus tumors.<jats:italic>Materials and Methods.<\/jats:italic>We reviewed 210 thymoma cases in our series of thymic epithelial tumors (TET), including their recurrences and lymphogenous metastases. Three cases of lymph node metastases, one case occurring synchronously with the primary tumor and one synchronously with the first relapse (both in intrathoracic location) and one case of metastasis observed in a laterocervical lymph node subsequently to two thymoma relapses were found.<jats:italic>Results.<\/jats:italic>The metastatic nodes were variably but extensively involved in all cases. The histological features were similar in both primary tumors and metastases. Thymoma metastases were subtyped according to the WHO classification as B3 (one case) and B2 (two cases), and distinctive features in comparison to metastatic epithelial neoplasias from other sites were observed.<jats:italic>Conclusion.<\/jats:italic>Thymoma lymph node metastases, although rare, can be subtyped according to the WHO classification on the basis of their morphological and immunohistochemical features. Clinically, the presence of nodal metastases may herald subsequent relapses and further metastases even in extrathoracic sites.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/546149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,8]],"date-time":"2014-07-08T22:13:55Z","timestamp":1404857635000},"page":"1-5","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Diagnostic Features and Subtyping of Thymoma Lymph Node Metastases"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2014","author":[{"given":"Stefano","family":"Sioletic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"The Pennine Acute Hospitals NHS Trust, Royal Oldham Hospital, Rochdale Road, Oldham, Manchester OL1 2JH, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Libero","family":"Lauriola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Catholic University of Rome, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00198 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4938-4071","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Enzo","family":"Gallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Martucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amelia","family":"Evoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Catholic University of Rome, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00198 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovannella","family":"Palmieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular and Clinical Endocrinology and Oncology, \u201cFederico II\u201d University, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Melis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thoracic Surgery, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6933-4127","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Pizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Rinaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology \u201cB\u201d, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Lalle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology, S. Eugenio Hospital, P. le dell\u2019Umanesimo 10, 00144 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edoardo","family":"Pescarmona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pierluigi","family":"Granone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Catholic University of Rome, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00198 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Facciolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thoracic Surgery, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0045-0234","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mirella","family":"Marino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19811201)48:11<2485::AID-CNCR2820481123>3.0.CO;2-R"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.10226"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2004.10.113"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(03)01017-8"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19911101)68:9<1984::AID-CNCR2820680923>3.0.CO;2-P"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2011.178"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.39.3.275"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2741\/2098"},{"key":"9","year":"2004"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(20011101)92:9<2406::AID-CNCR1589>3.0.CO;2-7"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00737071"},{"issue":"4","key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-198804000-00013","volume":"98","year":"1988","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"4","key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/106.4.483","volume":"106","year":"1996","journal-title":"The American Journal of Clinical Pathology"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199708000-00008"},{"issue":"2","key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/111.2.235","volume":"111","year":"1999","journal-title":"American Journal of Clinical Pathology"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1514"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.128.1.140"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/clin.1998.4584"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0b013e31821ea567"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JTO.0000000000000017"},{"key":"21","volume":"9","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Thoracic Oncology"}],"container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2014\/546149.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2014\/546149.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2014\/546149.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,29]],"date-time":"2024-05-29T10:03:10Z","timestamp":1716976990000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2014\/546149\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"references-count":21,"alternative-id":["546149","546149"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2014\/546149","relation":{},"ISSN":["2314-6133","2314-6141"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2314-6133","type":"print"},{"value":"2314-6141","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014]]}}}