{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T12:08:02Z","timestamp":1762430882485,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,10]],"date-time":"2014-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1404950400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":190,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005845","name":"Hyogo College of Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005845","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003485","name":"Heiwa Nakajima Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003485","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Xilei san (XLS), a herbal preparation widely used in China for erosive and ulcerative diseases, has been shown to be effective in ulcerative colitis (UC). The present experiments were conducted to assess its efficacy and determine its mechanism of action in a rat model that resembles human UC. The model was induced by adding 4% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to the rats\u2019 drinking water for 7 days. XLS was administered daily by retention enema from day 2 to day 7; the rats were sacrificed on day 8. The colon tissues were obtained for further experiments. A histological damage score and the activity of tissue myeloperoxidase were used to evaluate the severity of the colitis. The colonic cytokine levels were detected in a suspension array, and epithelial proliferation was assessed using Ki\u201067 immunohistochemistry. Intrarectal administration of XLS attenuated the DSS\u2010induced colitis, as evidenced by a reduction in both the histological damage score and myeloperoxidase activity. It also decreased the levels of proinflammatory cytokines, but increased the mucosal repair\u2010related cytokines. In addition, the epithelial Ki\u201067 expression was upregulated by XLS. These results suggest that XLS attenuates DSS\u2010induced colitis by degrading proinflammatory mediators and promoting mucosal repair. XLS could be a potential topical treatment for human UC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/569587","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,10]],"date-time":"2014-07-10T21:12:26Z","timestamp":1405026746000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Xilei San Ameliorates Experimental Colitis in Rats by Selectively Degrading Proinflammatory Mediators and Promoting Mucosal Repair"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2014","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1491-683X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongbiao","family":"Hao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7285-9020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazuko","family":"Nagase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazutoshi","family":"Hori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shenglan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoko","family":"Kogure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Fukunaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shinichiro","family":"Kashiwamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shiro","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junxiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroto","family":"Miwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Koichi","family":"Noguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1349-9886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI30587"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2009.727"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2010.224154"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crohns.2007.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2012.07215.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","article-title":"Xileisan and zinc gluconate used in treating relapsing oral ulcer","volume":"2005","author":"Zhen Y. 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