{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T03:14:42Z","timestamp":1789528482189,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Autoimmune Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Periodontal diseases are characterized by localized infections and inflammatory conditions that directly affect teeth supporting structures which are the major cause of tooth loss. Several studies have demonstrated the involvement of autoimmune responses in periodontal disease. Evidences of involvement of immunopathology have been reported in periodontal disease. Bacteria in the dental plaque induce antibody formation. Autoreactive T cells, natural killer cells, ANCA, heat shock proteins, autoantibodies, and genetic factors are reported to have an important role in the autoimmune component of periodontal disease. The present review describes the involvement of autoimmune responses in periodontal diseases and also the mechanisms underlying these responses. This review is an attempt to throw light on the etiopathogenesis of periodontal disease highlighting the autoimmunity aspect of the etiopathogenesis involved in the initiation and progression of the disease. However, further clinical trials are required to strengthen the role of autoimmunity as a cause of periodontal disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/596824","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,25]],"date-time":"2014-05-25T21:07:44Z","timestamp":1401052064000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Role of Autoimmune Responses in Periodontal Disease"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2014","author":[{"given":"Soumya","family":"Nair","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Om Dental Clinic, No. 1554, Hebbal 2nd Stage, Mysore 570017, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Faizuddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M.R. Ambedkar Dental College and Hospital, No. 1\/37, Cline Road, Cooke Town, Bangalore 560005, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jayanthi","family":"Dharmapalan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M.R. Ambedkar Dental College and Hospital, No. 1\/37, Cline Road, Cooke Town, Bangalore 560005, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"98","reference":[{"key":"1","year":"2006"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-6143.2003.00124.x"},{"issue":"3","key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1991.tb00901.x","volume":"20","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.1992.tb02086.x","volume":"27","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Periodontal Research"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.1997.tb00938.x","volume":"32","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Periodontal Research"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200114235"},{"issue":"10","key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345770560102901","volume":"56","year":"1977","journal-title":"Journal of Dental Research"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0952-7915(00)00164-3"},{"key":"9","first-page":"782","volume":"43","year":"2000","journal-title":"New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"10","first-page":"693","volume-title":"Positive autoimmunity","year":"1977"},{"issue":"5","key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.1992.tb01822.x","volume":"27","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Periodontal Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0765.2000.035006374.x","volume":"35","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Periodontal Research"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2006.050308","volume":"77","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Periodontology"},{"key":"14","volume":"15, article 338","year":"1994","journal-title":"Immunology Today"},{"key":"15","first-page":"889","volume":"18","year":"2003","journal-title":"Histology and Histopathology"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.2005.01593.x"},{"key":"17","year":"1997"},{"issue":"5","key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.1995.tb02208.x","volume":"39","year":"1995","journal-title":"Microbiology and Immunology"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154411130301400603"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.2005.00832.x"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.2002.290402.x"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2013.03.013","volume":"12","year":"2013","journal-title":"Autoimmunity Reviews"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2008.12.040"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.54.5.1477","volume":"54","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.1997.tb01404.x","volume":"32","year":"1997","journal-title":"Journal of Periodontal Research"},{"issue":"6","key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.1991.tb01802.x","volume":"26","year":"1991","journal-title":"Journal of Periodontal Research"},{"issue":"8","key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1990.tb00857.x","volume":"19","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Oral Pathology and Medicine"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2006.060104"},{"issue":"3364","key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.1126\/science.129.3364.1643","volume":"129","year":"1959","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10129"}],"container-title":["Autoimmune Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ad\/2014\/596824.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ad\/2014\/596824.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ad\/2014\/596824.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,22]],"date-time":"2017-06-22T13:50:26Z","timestamp":1498139426000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/ad\/2014\/596824\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"references-count":30,"alternative-id":["596824","596824"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2014\/596824","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-0422","2090-0430"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-0422","type":"print"},{"value":"2090-0430","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014]]}}}