{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T04:14:33Z","timestamp":1790396073231,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The effects of the TNF-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>blockers infliximab or etanercept on the levels of TNF-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, TNF-receptor 1 (TNF-R1), and TNF-receptor 2 (TNF-R2), as well as the levels of the inflammation markers CRP and IL-6, were measured in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients receiving treatment with either compound. We found that RA patients tend to have higher levels of TNF-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>than both healthy individuals and AS patients prior to treatment (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). We measured greatly increased levels of TNF-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>in both the AS and RA etanercept patient groups during the course of treatment, while in the infliximab treated patients, the amount of TNF-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>measured remained unchanged. Elevated TNF-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>in the etanercept treated patients does not appear to be a significant risk factor for the spontaneous development of further autoimmune diseases in our study group. Increased levels of TNF-R1 were determined in both AS (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) and RA (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) patients when compared to healthy controls. In AS patients, the levels of TNF-R1 dropped significantly when treated with either infliximab (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\"><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.01<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) or etanercept (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\"><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.0<\/mml:mn><mml:mn>0<\/mml:mn><mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). In contrast, the levels of this receptor remained unchanged in RA patients treated with either compound.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/675108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,25]],"date-time":"2014-03-25T04:02:09Z","timestamp":1395720129000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Ankylosing Spondylitis and Rheumatoid Arthritis: Serum Levels of TNF-<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"bold-italic\">\u03b1<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>and Its Soluble Receptors during the Course of Therapy with Etanercept and Infliximab"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2014","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0035-7443","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Martin","family":"Schulz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"BIOMEDRO Ltd, Genetic Institute of the Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58-62, 35392 Giessen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5963-6957","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Helmut","family":"Dotzlaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BIOMEDRO Ltd, Genetic Institute of the Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58-62, 35392 Giessen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8162-0153","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gunther","family":"Neeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumazentrum Prof. Dr. med. Gunther Neeck, Goethestra\u00dfe 40, 18209 Bad Doberan, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(94)90372-7"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.45.1.491"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20040435"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000289205"},{"issue":"2","key":"5","first-page":"447","volume":"34","year":"2007","journal-title":"The Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"8","key":"6","first-page":"1679","volume":"35","year":"2008","journal-title":"The Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"7","key":"7","first-page":"1411","volume":"33","year":"2006","journal-title":"The Journal of Rheumatology"},{"issue":"3","key":"8","first-page":"532","volume":"35","year":"2008","journal-title":"The Journal of Rheumatology"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780341003"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27584"},{"issue":"3","key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.163.3.1521","volume":"163","year":"1999","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"6, supplement 28","key":"12","first-page":"S34","volume":"20","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kei090"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.62.6.561"},{"issue":"2","key":"15","first-page":"145","volume":"9","year":"1998","journal-title":"European Cytokine Network"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03009740902865456"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000148197"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23075"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2009.08.001"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5414\/CPP42267"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2007.10.001"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3899\/jrheum.111522"}],"container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2014\/675108.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2014\/675108.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2014\/675108.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,11]],"date-time":"2023-07-11T13:15:32Z","timestamp":1689081332000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2014\/675108\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"references-count":22,"alternative-id":["675108","675108"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2014\/675108","relation":{},"ISSN":["2314-6133","2314-6141"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2314-6133","type":"print"},{"value":"2314-6141","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014]]}}}