{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T02:44:55Z","timestamp":1789181095974,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-Nuremberg"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Aim<\/jats:italic>. Identification of women with moderate alcohol abuse during pregnancy is difficult. We correlated self-reported alcohol consumption during pregnancy and patient characteristics with objective alcohol indicators measured in fetal meconium.<jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. A total of 557 women singleton births and available psychological tests, obstetric data and meconium samples were included in statistical analysis. Alcohol metabolites (fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs) and ethyl glucuronide (EtG)), were determined from meconium and correlated with patient characteristics.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. We found that 21.2% of the 557 participants admitted low-to-moderate alcohol consumption during pregnancy. Of the parameters analyzed from meconium, only EtG showed an association with alcohol history (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.01<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). This association was inverse in cases with EtG value above 120\u2009ng\/g. These values indicate women with most severe alcohol consumption, who obviously denied having consumed alcohol during pregnancy. No other associations between socioeconomic or psychological characteristics and the drinking status (via meconium alcohol metabolites) could be found.<jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. Women who drink higher doses of ethanol during pregnancy, according to metabolite measures in meconium, might be less likely to admit alcohol consumption. No profile of socioeconomic or psychological characteristics of those women positively tested via meconium could be established.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/702848","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,30]],"date-time":"2014-03-30T17:05:13Z","timestamp":1396199113000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Meconium Indicators of Maternal Alcohol Abuse during Pregnancy and Association with Patient Characteristics"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2014","author":[{"given":"Tamme W.","family":"Goecke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstra\u00df 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr\u00df 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pascal","family":"Burger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Schwabachanlage 6-10, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter A.","family":"Fasching","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstra\u00df 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulsallam","family":"Bakdash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Charit\u00e9, Hittorfstra\u00dfe 18, 14195 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Engel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstra\u00df 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lothar","family":"H\u00e4berle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstra\u00df 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franziska","family":"Voigt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstra\u00df 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr\u00df 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Faschingbauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstra\u00df 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Raabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstra\u00df 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolai","family":"Maass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr\u00df 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Rothe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lipidomix GmbH, Berliner Allee 261-269, 13088 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthias W.","family":"Beckmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitaetsstra\u00df 21-23, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fritz","family":"Pragst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Charit\u00e9, Hittorfstra\u00dfe 18, 14195 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8096-3987","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Johannes","family":"Kornhuber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Schwabachanlage 6-10, 91054 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwg215"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.10.801"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-9-175"},{"issue":"6","key":"4","first-page":"383","volume":"13","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2005.04.005"},{"issue":"3","key":"6","first-page":"e432","volume":"16","year":"2009","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Clinical Pharmacology"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/155.4.305"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-0256"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20017"},{"issue":"2","key":"10","first-page":"e323","volume":"17","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddn429"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2010.02596.x"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2009.103002"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyn230"},{"issue":"3","key":"15","first-page":"e782","volume":"15","year":"2008","journal-title":"The Canadian Journal of Clinical Pharmacology"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2010.09.022"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-9120(02)00424-1"},{"issue":"2","key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/31.2.93","volume":"31","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Analytical Toxicology"},{"issue":"1","key":"19","first-page":"39","volume":"42","year":"2006","journal-title":"Annali dell'Istituto Superiore di Sanita"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-010-3474-5"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.12.028"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.12.035"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2008.10.056"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0028-1109822"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2011.11.042"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2012.05.011"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-013-3046-y"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0379-0738(01)00456-X"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agn114"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.04.031"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2009.02722.x"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2010.06.028"},{"issue":"10","key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20731","volume":"88","year":"2010","journal-title":"Birth Defects Research A"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007691-200410000-00003"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.20464"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0b013e318167d602"},{"issue":"2","key":"37","first-page":"e370","volume":"16","year":"2009","journal-title":"The Canadian Journal of Clinical Pharmacology"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FTD.0b013e3181d5f14a"},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2009.12.029"},{"key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/49.1.133"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.alcohol.2010.02.008"},{"issue":"4","key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1328203","volume":"73","year":"2013","journal-title":"Geburtsh Frauenheilk"},{"issue":"43, pp. a-2258\/b-1931\/c-1879","key":"43","volume":"105","year":"2008","journal-title":"Deutsches \u00c4rzteblatt"},{"issue":"5","key":"44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1298442","volume":"72","year":"2012","journal-title":"Geburtsh Frauenheilk"},{"key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1280408"}],"container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2014\/702848.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2014\/702848.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2014\/702848.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,22]],"date-time":"2017-06-22T06:38:23Z","timestamp":1498113503000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2014\/702848\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"references-count":45,"alternative-id":["702848","702848"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2014\/702848","relation":{},"ISSN":["2314-6133","2314-6141"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2314-6133","type":"print"},{"value":"2314-6141","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014]]}}}