{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T12:29:28Z","timestamp":1763641768736},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background\/Aims<\/jats:italic>. Ocular motor disorders (OMDs) are a common feature of multiple sclerosis (MS). In clinical practice, if not reported by patients, OMDs are often underdiagnosed and their prevalence is underestimated.<jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. We studied 163 patients (125 women, 76.7%, 38 men, 23.3%; median age 45.0 years; median disease duration 10 years; median EDSS 3.5) with definite MS (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>150<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, 92%) or clinically isolated syndrome (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>13<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, 8%) who underwent a thorough clinical examination of eye movements. Data on localization of previous relapses, MS subtype, and MRI findings were collected and analyzed.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Overall, 111\/163 (68.1%) patients showed at least one abnormality of eye movement. Most frequent OMDs were impaired smooth pursuit (42.3%), saccadic dysmetria (41.7%), unilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia (14.7%), slowing of saccades (14.7%), skew deviation (13.5%), and gaze evoked nystagmus (13.5%). Patients with OMDs had more severe disability<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mml:mo><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.0005<\/mml:mn><mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mml:mo><\/mml:math>and showed more frequently infratentorial MRI lesions<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">(<\/mml:mo><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.004<\/mml:mn><mml:mo stretchy=\"false\">)<\/mml:mo><\/mml:math>. Localization of previous relapses was not associated with presence of OMDs.<jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. OMDs are frequent in patients with stable (no relapses) MS. A precise bedside examination of eye motility can disclose abnormalities that imply the presence of subclinical MS lesions and may have a substantial impact on definition of the diagnosis and on management of MS patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/732329","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,30]],"date-time":"2014-04-30T17:04:40Z","timestamp":1398877480000},"page":"1-4","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Bedside Tested Ocular Motor Disorders in Multiple Sclerosis Patients"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2014","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"Servillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy"},{"name":"Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caremeau, 30029 N\u00eemes, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Renard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caremeau, 30029 N\u00eemes, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Taieb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caremeau, 30029 N\u00eemes, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Labauge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Guy de Chauliac, 34090 Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Bastide","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Epidemiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caremeau, 30029 N\u00eemes, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Zorzon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy"},{"name":"UCO di Neurologia, Ospedale di Cattinara, Strada di Fiume 447, 34149 Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Castelnovo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caremeau, 30029 N\u00eemes, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"98","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(05)00992-0","volume":"4","year":"2005","journal-title":"The Lancet Neurology"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.55.10.863","volume":"55","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry"},{"key":"3","first-page":"267","volume":"1","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Ophthalmology"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2011.06116.x"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2005.11.022"},{"issue":"5","key":"6","first-page":"796","volume":"3","year":"1990","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Neurology and Neurosurgery"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-003-1038-8"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1325.058"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0181-5512(08)74390-0"},{"issue":"2","key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-6657(09)70092-7","volume":"63","year":"2009","journal-title":"Otolaryngologia Polska"},{"issue":"6","key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000085863.54218.72","volume":"61","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-010-0395-1"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-008-0819-5"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-011-6014-0"},{"issue":"5","key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.5.762","volume":"57","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000336916.38629.43"},{"issue":"2","key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.50.2.548","volume":"50","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2010.03.006"},{"issue":"1","key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/106.1.121","volume":"106","year":"1983","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(91)90089-P"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22366"},{"issue":"11","key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.33.11.1444","volume":"33","year":"1983","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"23","first-page":"175","volume":"20","year":"1984","journal-title":"Clinical and experimental neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"24","first-page":"171","volume":"58","year":"1987","journal-title":"Nervenarzt"},{"issue":"8","key":"25","first-page":"513","volume":"44","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clinical Neurology"}],"container-title":["Multiple Sclerosis International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/msi\/2014\/732329.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/msi\/2014\/732329.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/msi\/2014\/732329.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,22]],"date-time":"2017-06-22T08:26:48Z","timestamp":1498120008000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/msi\/2014\/732329\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"references-count":25,"alternative-id":["732329","732329"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2014\/732329","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-2654","2090-2662"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-2654","type":"print"},{"value":"2090-2662","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014]]}}}