{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T19:08:15Z","timestamp":1791227295871,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,25]],"date-time":"2014-12-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1419465600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":358,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Rhizoma Coptidis (RC), commonly known as <jats:italic>huanglian<\/jats:italic>, is a herb frequently used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) prescriptions. Known to have \u201c<jats:italic>clearing damp-heat, quenching fire and counteracting poison<\/jats:italic>\u201d properties, it was widely used in the Chinese community in Singapore. Berberine, an alkaloid isolated from RC, is known to have a wide array of therapeutic effects including antimicrobial, antineoplastic, and hepatoprotective effects. In 1978, RC was implicated in causing neonatal jaundice (NNJ) and kernicterus in neonates suffering from glucose\u20106\u2010phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, leading to the banning of RC and berberine in Singapore. More than three decades later, accumulating evidence\u2010based studies pointing to the safety of RC for general public and better understanding of G6PD deficiency, the Health Sciences Authority (HSA) in Singapore reviewed and lifted the prohibition on RC and berberine, turning a brand new chapter in the history of TCM in Singapore. This paper aims to review the safety of RC and berberine, using the prohibition of use and subsequent lifting of ban on RC and berberine in Singapore as an illustration to highlight the importance of evidence\u2010based studies in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/871720","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,25]],"date-time":"2014-12-25T21:03:57Z","timestamp":1419541437000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["From Prejudice to Evidence: The Case of Rhizoma Coptidis in Singapore"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2014","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4494-7787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chin Ee","family":"Ho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1789-8289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"You Li","family":"Goh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.3617"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","first-page":"704","article-title":"Research development of Coptis chinensis","volume":"26","author":"Xu J.-T.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","first-page":"40","article-title":"Huanglian-containing prescriptions and dispesations in ancient Chinese literatures","author":"Chen F.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Chinese Traditional Patent Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S52488"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/s0192415x96000281"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0378-87419900093-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","first-page":"790","article-title":"Clinical observation on effect of modified huanglian wendan decoction in treating diabetic asymptomatic myocardial ischemia","volume":"25","author":"Hu Y.-H.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0254-62720860055-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2009.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c1an15826k"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2008.10.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/155.5.979"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_2","first-page":"97","article-title":"Toxicity and apoptosis induced by berberine\u2014a potential anticancer drug","volume":"60","author":"Leta\u0161iov\u00e1 S.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biologia"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S22683"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.58.6.1287"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgi154"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sici1097-02151999061181:6hssmx0003C;923::aid-ijc14hssmx003E;3.0.co;2-d"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_2","first-page":"227","article-title":"Apoptosis of human leukemia HL-60 cells and murine leukemia WEHI-3 cells induced by berberine through the activation of caspase-3","volume":"26","author":"Lin C.-C.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Anticancer Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6690710"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_2","article-title":"Berberine induced in vitro G2\/M arrest of cell cycle and apoptosis in human gastric cancer Snu-5 cells","volume":"24","author":"Lin J. 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