{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T03:23:16Z","timestamp":1776914596164,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. Squamous metaplasia refers to the pathological transformation of the urothelium leading to nonkeratinised stratified squamous metaplasia (N-KSM).<jats:italic>Objective.<\/jats:italic>To present our experiences in the diagnosis and treatment of N-KSM of the urinary bladder in children.<jats:italic>Materials and Methods<\/jats:italic>. In this study, we present our experiences in the diagnosis and treatment of N-KSM of the urinary bladder in children aged from 5 to 17 years. From 2005 to 2013, metaplasia was diagnosed in 119 patients. The reasons behind visiting the hospital were nonspecific intense pain in the abdomen, recurrent urinary tract infections, and urination disorders. The most common symptoms of urinary bladder dysfunction were pollakiuria and difficulties in initiating micturition and retention of urine (reduced detrusor muscle activity).<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. In 20\/119 patients (16.8%), metaplasia was incidentally diagnosed during cystoscopy performed for other causes. The changes characteristic for squamous metaplasia were diagnosed\u2014in all these patients, a biopsy was performed. In all 119 patients, a squamous metaplasia was histopathologically diagnosed.<jats:italic>Conclusions.<\/jats:italic>Squamous metaplasia of the urinary bladder mucosa occurs in children and adolescents. Symptomatic treatment is administered mainly to improve the patients\u2019 quality of life and disease prognosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/936970","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,15]],"date-time":"2014-04-15T17:06:17Z","timestamp":1397581577000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Nonkeratinised Squamous Metaplasia of the Urinary Bladder in Children: A Report of Case Experiences"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2014","author":[{"given":"Beata","family":"Jurkiewicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Surgery Department, Children\u2019s Hospital, Marii Konopnickiej Street 65, 05-092 Dziekan\u00f3w Le\u015bny, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5354-4069","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Tomasz","family":"Z\u0105bkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology Department, Military Medical Institute, Szaser\u00f3w Street 128, 04-349 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"1","first-page":"74","volume":"58","year":"2005","journal-title":"Archivos Espanoles de Urologia"},{"key":"2","first-page":"221","volume-title":"Non-neoplastic disorders of the urinary bladder","year":"2008"},{"issue":"4","key":"3","first-page":"266","volume":"1","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000092934"},{"issue":"2","key":"5","first-page":"100","volume":"2","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna"},{"key":"6","first-page":"22","volume":"15","year":"2002","journal-title":"Infections in Urology"},{"issue":"10","key":"7","first-page":"1175","volume":"83","year":"2011","journal-title":"American Family Physician"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-6915(95)00045-4"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101565"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2006.04.003"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2004.07.037"},{"key":"12","first-page":"37","volume-title":"Patofizjologia zaburze\u0144 mikcji\u2014wysi\u0142kowe nieotrzymanie moczu","volume":"4","year":"2009"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2005.05311.x"},{"issue":"3","key":"14","volume":"60","year":"2007","journal-title":"Urologia Polska"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2005.05311.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"16","first-page":"36","volume":"20","year":"1995","journal-title":"The Nurse Practitioner"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eursup.2009.07.002"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2003.10.034"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2013.04.035"},{"issue":"3","key":"20","volume":"61","year":"2008","journal-title":"Urologia Polska"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2011.03.011"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-010-1808-3"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200969030-00004"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00345-011-0755-3"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-013-2112-0"}],"container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2014\/936970.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2014\/936970.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2014\/936970.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,19]],"date-time":"2016-08-19T01:27:53Z","timestamp":1471570073000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2014\/936970\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"references-count":25,"alternative-id":["936970","936970"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2014\/936970","relation":{},"ISSN":["2314-6133","2314-6141"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2314-6133","type":"print"},{"value":"2314-6141","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014]]}}}