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While holding promise, they are invasive interventions with serious complications and adverse effects. Moreover, their efficacies are modest with less seizure free. Acupuncture is a simple, safe, and effective traditional healing modality for a wide range of diseases including pain and epilepsy. Thalamus takes critical role in sensory transmission and is highly involved in epilepsy genesis particularly the absence epilepsy. Considering thalamus serves as a convergent structure for both acupuncture and VNS and the thalamic neuronal activities can be modulated by acupuncture, we propose that acupuncture could be a promising therapy or at least a screening tool to select suitable candidates for those invasive modalities in the management of refractory epilepsy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/950631","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,7]],"date-time":"2014-12-07T21:04:08Z","timestamp":1417986248000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Acupuncture for Refractory Epilepsy: Role of Thalamus"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2014","author":[{"given":"Shuping","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shubin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peijing","family":"Rong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junling","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongqi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianliang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200002033420503"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.220"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318285c11a"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22621"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-10857-0_12","volume-title":"Acupuncture Therapy for Neurological Diseases: A Neurobiological View","author":"Yang R.","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","volume-title":"Chinese Acupuncture and Moxibustion","author":"Cheng X. 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