{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T21:13:53Z","timestamp":1760044433152,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]],"date-time":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388534400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Chi-Mei Medical Center","award":["102CM-KMU06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["102CM-KMU06"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004694","name":"Kaohsiung Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["102CM-KMU06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["102CM-KMU06"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004694","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Scientific World Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Extracts from natural plants have been used in traditional medicine for many centuries worldwide.<jats:italic>Artocarpus communis<\/jats:italic>is one such plant that has been used to treat liver cirrhosis, hypertension, and diabetes. To our knowledge, this study is the first to investigate the antihepatoma activity of<jats:italic>A. communis<\/jats:italic>toward HepG2 and PLC\/PRF\/5 cells and the first to explore the relationship between antihepatoma activity and the active compound artocarpin content in different fractions of<jats:italic>A. communis<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>A. communis<\/jats:italic>methanol extract and fractions induced dose-dependent reduction of tumor cell viability. DNA laddering analysis revealed that<jats:italic>A. communis<\/jats:italic>extract and fractions did not induce apoptosis in HepG2 and PLC\/PRF\/5 cells. Instead, acridine orange staining revealed that<jats:italic>A. communis<\/jats:italic>triggered autophagic cell death in a dose-dependent manner. The antihepatoma activity of<jats:italic>A. communis<\/jats:italic>is attributable to artocarpin. The fractions with the highest artocarpin content were also the fractions with the highest antihepatoma activity in the following order: dichloromethane fraction &gt; methanol extract &gt; ethyl acetate fraction &gt;<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>-butanol fraction &gt;<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>-hexane fraction. Taken together,<jats:italic>A. communis<\/jats:italic>showed antihepatoma activity through autophagic cell death. The effect was related to artocarpin content. Artocarpin could be considered an indicator of the anticancer potential of<jats:italic>A. communis<\/jats:italic>extract.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/978525","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,14]],"date-time":"2014-07-14T17:13:45Z","timestamp":1405358025000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Antihepatoma Activity of<i>Artocarpus communis<\/i>Is Higher in Fractions with High Artocarpin Content"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2014","author":[{"given":"Cheng-Wei","family":"Tzeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feng-Lin","family":"Yen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 70 Lienhai Road, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7374-7234","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Liang-Tzung","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, No. 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiang-Wen","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, and Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, Chang Gung Institute of Technology, No. 2 Chia-pu Road, West Section, Chiayi 61363, Taiwan"},{"name":"Research Center for Industry of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, No. 261 Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Taoyuan 33303, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming-Hong","family":"Yen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen-Sheng","family":"Tzeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging, Chi Mei Medical Center, No. 901 Zhonghua Road, Tainan 71004, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Science, College of Health Sciences, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, No. 666 Buzih Road, Taichung 40601, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chun-Ching","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"year":"2011","key":"1"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00280-011-1673-1"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/cbt.12.6.16850"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1972.33"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2005.01570.x"},{"issue":"7","key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2450","DOI":"10.1096\/fasebj.6.7.1563596","volume":"6","year":"1992","journal-title":"The FASEB Journal"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(04)00046-7"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-12-118"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2013.5371"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcancer.2013.05.006","volume":"23","year":"2013","journal-title":"Seminars in Cancer Biology"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2010.03.031"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/np0600346"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2009.08.001"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2013.07.029"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-20057"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf8017436"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11418-010-0425-6"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.3678"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2006.339"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S13","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semnuclmed.2007.10.004","volume":"38","year":"2008","journal-title":"Seminars in Nuclear Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"21","first-page":"189","volume":"12","year":"2009","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Drug Discovery and Development"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032-010-9528-x"}],"container-title":["The Scientific World Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/tswj\/2014\/978525.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/tswj\/2014\/978525.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/tswj\/2014\/978525.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,12]],"date-time":"2019-08-12T16:02:22Z","timestamp":1565625742000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/tswj\/2014\/978525\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014]]},"references-count":22,"alternative-id":["978525","978525"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2014\/978525","relation":{},"ISSN":["2356-6140","1537-744X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2356-6140"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1537-744X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014]]}}}