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However, PUD also occurs in the absence of<jats:italic>HP<\/jats:italic>infection and\/or NSAID use. Recently, we have found evidence that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reactivation increases the risk to develop premalignant and malignant gastric lesions.<jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>. To study a possible association between EBV and PUD.<jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. Antibodies against an EBV reactivation antigen,<jats:italic>HP<\/jats:italic>, and the<jats:italic>HP<\/jats:italic>virulence factor CagA were measured in sera from 207 Mexican subjects, controls (healthy individuals,<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 129), and PUD patients (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>= 78, 58 duodenal and 20 gastric ulcers). Statistical associations were estimated.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Duodenal PUD was significantly associated with high anti-EBV IgG titers (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.022, OR = 2.5), while anti-EBV IgA was positively associated with gastric PUD (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.002, OR = 10.1).<jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>. Our study suggests that EBV reactivation in gastric and duodenal epithelium increases the risk to develop PUD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/164840","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,24]],"date-time":"2015-06-24T21:01:11Z","timestamp":1435179671000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Epstein-Barr Virus Association with Peptic Ulcer Disease"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2015","author":[{"given":"Mar\u00eda G.","family":"C\u00e1rdenas-Mondrag\u00f3n","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n M\u00e9dica en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias (UIMEIP), Hospital de Pediatr\u00eda, CMN Siglo-XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Avenida Cuauht\u00e9moc 330, Colonia Doctores, Delegaci\u00f3n Cuauht\u00e9moc, 06720 Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, DF, 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