{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T08:23:07Z","timestamp":1789719787236,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002456","name":"Chonnam National University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002456","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Applied Mathematics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The present study considers a deterministic compartmental model for obesity dynamics. The model exhibits forward bifurcation at basic reproduction number,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"script\">R<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>0<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, that is; for<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"script\">R<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>0<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, obesity is not sustained. However for<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"script\">R<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>0<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><mml:mo>&gt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>the model approaches a locally asymptotically stable endemic equilibrium. To control this epidemic and reduce the obesity at the endemic equilibrium, we considered intervention strategies for the spread of overweight and obesity, where Pontryagin\u2019s Maximum Principle is applied. The numerical technique was used to show that there are effective control strategies that include minimizing the social contact rate with the overweight and obese population and campaigning. Numerical results indicated the effects of the two controls (prevention and education\/campaigning) to be different. In societies with lower obesity, the social contact rate with the overweight and obese population plays a more prominent role in spreading obesity than lack of educational programs\/campaigns. However, for societies with very high obesity burden, education\/campaigning proved to be highly effective strategies. Reducing the social contact rate can result in other results such as a depression and an invasion of their individual rights. The appropriate approach to obesity is needed to lower obese societies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/217808","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,7]],"date-time":"2015-07-07T17:01:32Z","timestamp":1436288492000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Optimal Intervention Strategies for the Spread of Obesity"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2015","author":[{"given":"Chunyoung","family":"Oh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics Education, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masud","family":"M A","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSOTT.S7384"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.28.5.w822"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmsa066082"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.camwa.2008.01.011"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13873951003590149"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrp.2011.08.004"},{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/273037"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrp.2014.10.001"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5831\/hmj.2014.36.1.131"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-5564(02)00108-6"},{"key":"12","year":"2007"},{"key":"13","year":"1962"},{"key":"4","year":"2007"}],"container-title":["Journal of Applied Mathematics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jam\/2015\/217808.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jam\/2015\/217808.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jam\/2015\/217808.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,27]],"date-time":"2016-07-27T09:41:35Z","timestamp":1469612495000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/jam\/2015\/217808\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"references-count":13,"alternative-id":["217808","217808"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2015\/217808","relation":{},"ISSN":["1110-757X","1687-0042"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1110-757X","type":"print"},{"value":"1687-0042","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015]]}}}