{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T13:22:36Z","timestamp":1761744156943,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004726","name":"Ministry of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NT\/11429-5","PRVOUK\/P24\/LF1\/3","SVV-2015-260152"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NT\/11429-5","PRVOUK\/P24\/LF1\/3","SVV-2015-260152"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004726","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007397","name":"Charles University in Prague","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NT\/11429-5","PRVOUK\/P24\/LF1\/3","SVV-2015-260152"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NT\/11429-5","PRVOUK\/P24\/LF1\/3","SVV-2015-260152"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007397","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007397","name":"Charles University in Prague","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NT\/11429-5","PRVOUK\/P24\/LF1\/3","SVV-2015-260152"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NT\/11429-5","PRVOUK\/P24\/LF1\/3","SVV-2015-260152"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007397","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A relationship between latent toxoplasmosis and the immune system during HIV disease is poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of this follow-up study was to characterize immunological parameters in HIV-infected patients with latent toxoplasmosis and noninfected individuals. A total of 101 HIV-infected patients were enrolled in the study. The patients were classified into two groups based on anti-<jats:italic>Toxoplasma gondii<\/jats:italic>antibodies: a group of 55 toxoplasma-positive persons (TP) and a group of 46 toxoplasma-negative persons (TN). Absolute counts of several lymphocyte subsets decreased in the TP group, namely, T cells (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.007<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), B cells (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.002<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), NK cells (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.009<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), CD4 T cells (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.028<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), and CD8 T cells (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.004<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). On the other hand, the percentage of CD8 T cells expressing CD38 and HLA-DR significantly increased during the follow-up in the TP group (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.003<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M7\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.042<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, resp.) as well as the intensity of CD38 and HLA-DR expression (MFI) on CD8 T cells (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M8\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M9\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.057<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, resp.). In the TN group, analysis of the kinetics of immunological parameters revealed no significant changes over time. In conclusion, the results suggest that latent<jats:italic>T. gondii<\/jats:italic>infection modulates the immune response during HIV infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/271842","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,12]],"date-time":"2015-07-12T21:00:56Z","timestamp":1436734856000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The Effect of Latent<i>Toxoplasma gondii<\/i>Infection on the Immune Response in HIV-Infected Patients"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2015","author":[{"given":"Ondrej","family":"Beran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Na Bulovce Hospital, Bud\u00ednova 2, 180 81 Prague, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Military University Hospital Prague, Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Petr","family":"Kodym","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Laboratory for Toxoplasmosis, National Institute of Public Health in Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marek","family":"Maly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, National Institute of Public Health in Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alzbeta","family":"Davidova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Na Bulovce Hospital, Bud\u00ednova 2, 180 81 Prague, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Military University Hospital Prague, Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Reinvartova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Na Bulovce Hospital, Bud\u00ednova 2, 180 81 Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Jilich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Na Bulovce Hospital, Bud\u00ednova 2, 180 81 Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1894-2605","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Michal","family":"Holub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Na Bulovce Hospital, Bud\u00ednova 2, 180 81 Prague, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Military University Hospital Prague, Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hanus","family":"Rozsypal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Na Bulovce Hospital, Bud\u00ednova 2, 180 81 Prague, Czech Republic"},{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Military University Hospital Prague, Prague, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268814001253"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2005.05.004"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/651266"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/322622"},{"issue":"4","key":"5","first-page":"414","volume":"6","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00281-012-0339-3"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2010.03.057"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.073635"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/s0031182000066269"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2006.07.008"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2012.01.001"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0110878"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-010-2013-9"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-11-274"},{"issue":"17","key":"15","first-page":"1","volume":"41","year":"1992","journal-title":"Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 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