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Initially, it was recognised as a paraneoplastic disorder, but recently a subgroup of patients without systemic cancer was identified.<jats:italic>Case Description.<\/jats:italic>We describe a 20-year-old woman with Turner syndrome presenting with a treatment-resistant rapid cycling bipolar disorder with cognitive impairment. She was diagnosed with anti-AMPA-receptor encephalitis. She showed marked improvement after starting memantine and valproic acid.<jats:italic>Conclusion.<\/jats:italic>This case description emphasises the importance of timely recognition of autoimmune limbic encephalitis in patients with psychiatric manifestations and a possible predisposition to autoimmune conditions, in order to rule out malignancy and to quickly initiate treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/273192","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,1]],"date-time":"2015-10-01T21:11:08Z","timestamp":1443733868000},"page":"1-5","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Anti-AMPA-Receptor Encephalitis Presenting as a Rapid-Cycling Bipolar Disorder in a Young Woman with Turner Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2015","author":[{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Quaranta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinic Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelo Giovanni Icro","family":"Maremmani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinic Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulio","family":"Perugi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinic Medicine, Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy"},{"name":"The Institute of Behavioural Science \u201cG. 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