{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,3]],"date-time":"2023-03-03T05:40:26Z","timestamp":1677822026761},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Case Reports in Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Cutaneous anthrax has a mortality rate of 20% if no antibacterial treatment is applied. The clinical manifestations of cutaneous anthrax are obviously striking, but coinfection may produce atypical lesions and mask the clinical manifestations and proper laboratory diagnosis. Anthrax is known to be more common in the Middle East and Iran is one of the countries in which the zoonotic form of anthrax may still be encountered. We report a case of a 19-years-old male who used to apply Venetian ceruse on his skin. Venetian ceruse (also known as Spirits of Saturn) is an old cosmetic product used for skin whitening traditionally made from sheep\u2019s spinal cord. The patient referred to the Referral Laboratory, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran, with atypical dermatosis, pronounced pain, and oedema of the affected tissue. It was confirmed by both conventional and molecular analysis that culture was a mixture of<jats:italic>Bacillus anthracis<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Trichophyton interdigitale<\/jats:italic>. The patient was initially treated with ceftriaxone (1000\u2009mg\/day for two weeks), gentamicin (1.5\u20132\u2009mg\/kg\/day), terbinafine (200\u2009mg\/week for one month), and 1% clotrimazole cream (5 weeks) two times per day which resulted in gradual improvement. No relapse could be detected after one-year follow-up. Anthrax infection might present a broader spectrum of symptoms than expected by clinicians. These unfamiliar characteristics may lead to delayed diagnosis, inadequate treatment, and higher mortality rate. Clinicians need to be aware of this issue in order to have successful management over this infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/325093","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,16]],"date-time":"2015-09-16T07:08:29Z","timestamp":1442387309000},"page":"1-5","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["First Autochthonous Coinfected Anthrax in an Immunocompetent Patient"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2015","author":[{"given":"Parvaneh","family":"Afshar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Referral Laboratory, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Taghi","family":"Hedayati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Invasive Fungi Research Center and Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Narges","family":"Aslani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sadegh","family":"Khodavaisy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran"},{"name":"Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farhang","family":"Babamahmoodi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Reza","family":"Mahdavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Somayeh","family":"Dolatabadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, Netherlands"},{"name":"Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hamid","family":"Badali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center and Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 48175-1665, Sari, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"98","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejm199909093411107"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-012-2541-0"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.281.18.1735"},{"issue":"5","key":"4","first-page":"295","volume":"36","year":"1995","journal-title":"The Canadian Veterinary Journal"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000441-196405000-00006"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-13-408"},{"issue":"32","key":"7","volume":"19","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eurosurveillance"},{"issue":"26","key":"8","volume":"17","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eurosurveillance"},{"issue":"1","key":"9","first-page":"15","volume":"54","year":"2006","journal-title":"The Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13693780903471073"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/myc.12315"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prevetmed.2013.04.006"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2011.0916"},{"issue":"1","key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.35.1.289-295.1982","volume":"35","year":"1982","journal-title":"Infection and Immunity"},{"issue":"2","key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/151.2.71","volume":"151","year":"1986","journal-title":"Military Medicine"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000372-199702000-00014"},{"issue":"5","key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-003-3169-3","volume":"31","year":"2003","journal-title":"Infection"},{"issue":"3","key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1177\/003335490812300315","volume":"123","year":"2008","journal-title":"Public Health Reports"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2005.12.018"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2230.2005.01893.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"21","volume":"17","year":"2012","journal-title":"Euro Surveillance"},{"issue":"5","key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2006.tb00562.x","volume":"185","year":"2006","journal-title":"The Medical Journal of Australia"}],"container-title":["Case Reports in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crim\/2015\/325093.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crim\/2015\/325093.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crim\/2015\/325093.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,8]],"date-time":"2020-09-08T10:52:06Z","timestamp":1599562326000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/crim\/2015\/325093\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"references-count":22,"alternative-id":["325093","325093"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2015\/325093","relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-9627","1687-9635"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1687-9627","type":"print"},{"value":"1687-9635","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015]]}}}