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However, the cell surface receptors and the intracellular signal pathways leading to these cytokines expression are not fully understood. In the current study, we investigated the roles of Toll\u2010like receptor 4 (TLR4) and its adaptor myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) in the expression of IL\u20101<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> and TNF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> in synovial fibroblasts (SFs) separated from rat temporomandibular joint (TMJ) with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. The results showed that treatment with LPS could increase TLR4, MyD88, IL\u20101<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>, and TNF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> expression at both mRNA and protein levels. In addition, increased expression of IL\u20101<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> and TNF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> could be blocked by treatment with TAK\u2010242, a blocker of TLR4 signaling, and also by MyD88 inhibitory peptide (MIP). These findings suggested that maybe TLR4\/MyD88 signal transduction pathway participates in enhanced expression of IL\u20101 and TNF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> in patients with TMD. The activation of TLR4\/MyD88 signal transduction pathway which results in production of proinflammatory factors may play a role in the pathogenesis of TMD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/329405","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,24]],"date-time":"2015-02-24T21:01:55Z","timestamp":1424811715000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Effect of TLR4\/MyD88 Signaling Pathway on Expression of IL\u20101\u03b2 and TNF\u2010\u03b1 in Synovial Fibroblasts from Temporomandibular Joint Exposed to 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