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Most of the existing countermeasures either require specialized hardware or demand high network overheads in order to capture the specific symptoms induced by the wormholes, which in result limits their applicability. In this paper, we exploit an inevitable symptom of wormholes and present Pworm, a passive wormhole detection and localization system based upon the key observation that a large amount of network traffic will be attracted by the wormholes. The proposed scheme is passive, real-time, and efficient against both active and passive wormholes. Our approach silently observes the variations in network topology to infer the wormhole existence and solely relies on network routing information. It does not necessitate specialized hardware or poses rigorous assumptions on network features. We evaluate our scheme through extensive simulations of 100 to 800 nodes for various network scales and show that Pworm is well suited for false alarms, scalability, and time delay in terms of activation as well as detection latencies. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/356382","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,23]],"date-time":"2015-11-23T21:01:57Z","timestamp":1448312517000},"page":"356382","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Pworm: Passive and Real-Time Wormhole Detection Scheme for WSNs"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Jawad","family":"Hussain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China"},{"name":"School of Communication and Information Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guoxing","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhigang","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,23]]},"reference":[{"first-page":"21","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 1st ACM Workshop on Security of Ad Hoc and Sensor Networks","author":"\u010capkun S.","key":"B1-2015-356382"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the Network and Distributed System Security Symposium","author":"Hu L.","key":"B2-2015-356382"},{"issue":"1","key":"B3-2015-356382","first-page":"41","volume":"1","author":"Marianne Azer M. 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