{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T07:33:36Z","timestamp":1771659216907,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The global burden of death and disability attributable to illicit drug use, remains a significant threat to public health for both developed and developing nations. This paper presents a new mathematical modeling framework to investigate the effects of illicit drug use in the community. In our model the transmission process is captured as a social \u201ccontact\u201d process between the susceptible individuals and illicit drug users. We conduct both epidemic and endemic analysis, with a focus on the threshold dynamics characterized by the basic reproduction number. Using our model, we present illustrative numerical results with a case study in Cape Town, Gauteng, Mpumalanga and Durban communities of South Africa. In addition, the basic model is extended to incorporate time dependent intervention strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/383154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,27]],"date-time":"2015-12-27T16:02:33Z","timestamp":1451232153000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Modeling Illicit Drug Use Dynamics and Its Optimal Control Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2015","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7423-2934","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Steady","family":"Mushayabasa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Zimbabwe, Department of Mathematics, P.O. Box MP 167, Harare, Zimbabwe"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5133-2505","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Gift","family":"Tapedzesa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Zimbabwe, Department of Mathematics, P.O. Box MP 167, Harare, Zimbabwe"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"2","year":"2014"},{"key":"3","first-page":"1109","volume-title":"Illicit drug use","year":"2004"},{"key":"4","year":"2005"},{"key":"5","year":"1994"},{"key":"32","volume-title":"Illicit drugs","year":"1996"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2253"},{"key":"7","year":"2005"},{"issue":"2","key":"8","volume":"11","year":"2008","journal-title":"SACENDU Research Brief"},{"key":"9","first-page":"S57","volume":"11","year":"1997","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"issue":"11","key":"10","first-page":"1116","volume":"5","year":"1992","journal-title":"Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11538-012-9790-5"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12190-009-0349-z"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mbs.2006.10.008"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(13)61611-6"},{"issue":"8764","key":"15","first-page":"438","volume":"338","year":"1991","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0037549714528388"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/s1793524514500065"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/347827"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/238784"},{"issue":"3","key":"20","first-page":"288","volume":"8","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal of Research and Reviews in Applied Sciences"},{"key":"21","year":"2012"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cnsns.2011.08.024"},{"key":"23","year":"2007"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physd.2011.11.016"},{"key":"1","first-page":"195","volume-title":"Sensitivity analysis for quantifying uncertainty in mathematical models","year":"2009"},{"key":"31","year":"1962"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0025-5564(02)00108-6"},{"key":"26","series-title":"CBMS-NSF Regional Conference Series in Applied Mathematics","volume":"25","year":"1976"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/0524026"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-0065-6_17"},{"key":"29","first-page":"392","volume":"99","year":"1974","journal-title":"Czechoslovak Mathematical Journal"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/S0036141094266449"}],"container-title":["Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/cmmm\/2015\/383154.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/cmmm\/2015\/383154.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/cmmm\/2015\/383154.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,27]],"date-time":"2016-07-27T09:03:42Z","timestamp":1469610222000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/cmmm\/2015\/383154\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"references-count":32,"alternative-id":["383154","383154"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2015\/383154","relation":{},"ISSN":["1748-670X","1748-6718"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1748-670X","type":"print"},{"value":"1748-6718","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015]]}}}