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Any or both of two basic clinical forms of these diseases are endemic to several cities in Brazil\u2014the American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) and the American visceral leishmaniasis (AVL). The present study was conducted in the urban area of a small-sized Brazilian municipality (Jaboticatubas), in which three cases of AVL and nine of ACL have been reported in the last five years. Jaboticatubas is an important tourism hub, as it includes a major part of the Serra do Cip\u00f3 National Park. Currently, no local data is available on the entomological fauna or circulating<jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>. During the one-year period of this study, we captured 3,104 phlebotomine sand flies belonging to sixteen<jats:italic>Lutzomyia<\/jats:italic>species. In addition to identifying incriminated or suspected vectors of ACL with DNA of the etiological agent of AVL and vice versa, we also detected<jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>DNA in unexpected<jats:italic>Lutzomyia<\/jats:italic>species. The expressive presence of vectors and natural<jats:italic>Leishmania<\/jats:italic>infection indicates favorable conditions for the spreading of leishmaniases in the vicinity of the Serra do Cip\u00f3 National Park.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/385493","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,22]],"date-time":"2015-02-22T16:01:11Z","timestamp":1424620871000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Phlebotomine Sand Fly Fauna and<i>Leishmania<\/i>Infection in the Vicinity of the Serra do Cip\u00f3 National Park, a Natural Brazilian Heritage Site"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2015","author":[{"given":"Rosana Silva","family":"Lana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Leishmanioses, Centro de Pesquisas Ren\u00e9 Rachou, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Avenida Augusto de Lima 1715, 30190-002 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00c9rika 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