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FLU-loaded microemulsions (MEs) were developed by phase diagram for topical administration of fluconazole (FLU) as prominent alternative to combat CL. Three MEs called F1, F2, and F3 (F1\u201460% 50 M phosphate buffer at pH 7.4 (PB) as aqueous phase, 10% cholesterol (CHO) as oil phase, and 30% soy phosphatidylcholine\/oil polyoxyl-60 hydrogenated castor oil\/sodium oleate (3\/8\/6) (S) as surfactant; F2\u201450% PB, 10% CHO, and 40% S; F3\u201440% PB, 10% CHO, and 50 % S) were characterized by droplet size analysis, zeta potential analysis, X-ray diffraction, continuous flow, texture profile analysis, and<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>bioadhesion. MEs presented pseudoplastic flow and thixotropy was dependent on surfactant concentration. Droplet size was not affected by FLU. FLU-loaded MEs improved the FLU safety profile that was evaluated using red cell haemolysis and<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>cytotoxicity assays with J-774 mouse macrophages. FLU-unloaded MEs did not exhibit leishmanicidal activity that was performed using MTT colourimetric assays; however, FLU-loaded MEs exhibited activity. Therefore, these MEs have potential to modulate FLU action, being a promising platform for drug delivery systems to treat CL.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/396894","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,12]],"date-time":"2015-01-12T17:27:57Z","timestamp":1421083677000},"page":"1-12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Development, Characterization, and<i>In Vitro<\/i>Biological Performance of Fluconazole-Loaded Microemulsions for the Topical Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2015","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1616-2122","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marcela Brito","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UNESP, Rodovia Araraquara-Ja\u00fa, km. 1, Campus, 14801-902 Araraquara, SP, 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