{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T15:08:28Z","timestamp":1767625708079,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Introduction<\/jats:italic>. Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic granulomatous disorder characterized by multiple noncaseating granulomas involving intrathoracic lymph nodes and lung parenchyma. Recently, the use of anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (anti-TNF<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>) agents has been introduced for therapy of chronic and refractory sarcoidosis with controversial results. Infliximab (Remicade) is a chimeric monoclonal antibody (mAb) that recognizes and binds TNF<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, neutralizing its biological effects. In the present study,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mrow><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Tc<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>\u2009<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>99<\/mml:mn><mml:mtext>m<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mmultiscripts><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>labelled infliximab was used to study the expression of TNF<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>in sarcoid lesions and to evaluate its role as a predictive marker in response to therapy with Remicade.<jats:italic>Material and Methods<\/jats:italic>. A total of 10 patients with newly diagnosed sarcoidosis were enrolled together with 10 control patients affected by rheumatoid arthritis. All patients were studied by planar imaging of the chest with<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mrow><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Tc<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>\u2009<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>99<\/mml:mn><mml:mtext>m<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mmultiscripts><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>-infliximab at 6\u2009h and 24\u2009h and total body [<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F]-FDG PET\/CT. Regions of interest were drawn over the lungs and the right arm and target-to-background ratios were analysed for<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mrow><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Tc<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>\u2009<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>99<\/mml:mn><mml:mtext>m<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mmultiscripts><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>-infliximab. SUV<jats:sub>mean<\/jats:sub>and SUV<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>were calculated over lungs for FDG.<jats:italic>Results and Discussion<\/jats:italic>. Image analysis showed low correlation between<jats:italic>T\/B<\/jats:italic>ratios and BAL results in patients despite positivity at [<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F]-FDG PET.<jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. In conclusion, patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary sarcoidosis, with FDG-PET and BAL positivity, showed a negative<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mrow><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>Tc<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>\u2009<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>99<\/mml:mn><mml:mtext>m<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mmultiscripts><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>-infliximab scintigraphy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/401341","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,19]],"date-time":"2015-03-19T21:22:11Z","timestamp":1426800131000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["<i>In Vivo<\/i>Evaluation of TNF-Alpha in the Lungs of Patients Affected by Sarcoidosis"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2015","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3439-6010","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Filippo","family":"Galli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Ospedale S. 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