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The aim of this study was to investigate the antiulcer effect of a hydroalcoholic extract from the leaves of<jats:italic>B. holophylla<\/jats:italic>. The chemical profile of the extract was determined by HPLC-PAD-ESI-IT-MS. A dose-effect relation was constructed using the ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model in male Wistar rats. Histological analyses and studies of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were performed in stomach samples. The involvement of SH compounds, NO,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>K<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>+<\/mml:mo><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msup><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>ATP<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>channels, and<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>-adrenergic receptors in the gastroprotective effect was evaluated. A toxicity study was performed with a single oral dose of 5000\u2009mg\/kg. The extract was composed mainly of cyanoglucoside and flavonol-O-glycosides derivatives of quercetin and myricetin. SH compounds, NO release,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>K<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>+<\/mml:mo><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msup><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>ATP<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>channel activation, and presynaptic<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>-adrenergic receptor stimulation each proved to be involved in the antiulcer effect. The levels of GSH and activity of GR and GPx were increased, and the levels of TNF-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, IL-6 and IL-10 were modulated. There was an antidiarrheal effect and there were no signs of toxicity.<jats:italic>B. holophylla<\/jats:italic>presents antiulcer activity mainly by decreasing oxidative stress and attenuating the inflammatory response, without inducing side effects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/439506","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,4,12]],"date-time":"2015-04-12T17:00:48Z","timestamp":1428858048000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Antiulcerogenic Activity and Toxicity of<i>Bauhinia holophylla<\/i>Hydroalcoholic Extract"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2015","author":[{"given":"A. L.","family":"Rozza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Experimentation of Natural Products, Morphology Department, Institute of Biosciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 18618-970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. A. 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