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Event tracing is a nontrivial task for resource-constrained embedded devices. Existing tracing approaches employ compression algorithms to reduce the trace size. However, these approaches either are inapplicable or perform poorly. In this paper, we propose TOC, a novel event tracing technique using online compression. TOC combines periodical pattern mining and efficient token assignment, effectively reducing the trace size with acceptable execution overhead. We implement TOC based on TinyOS 2.1.2 and evaluate its effectiveness by case studies in sensor network applications. Results show that TOC reduces the trace size by 52.2%, compared with LIS\u2014a state-of-the-art event tracing method. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/450568","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,1]],"date-time":"2015-11-01T21:01:28Z","timestamp":1446411688000},"page":"450568","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["TOC: Lightweight Event Tracing Using Online Compression for Networked Embedded Systems"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Chenhong","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road, No. 38, Hangzhou 310027, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road, No. 38, Hangzhou 310027, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road, No. 38, Hangzhou 310027, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiajun","family":"Bu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang University, Zheda Road, No. 38, Hangzhou 310027, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,1]]},"reference":[{"first-page":"381","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 7th Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI '06)","author":"Werner-Allen G.","key":"B1-2015-450568"},{"first-page":"277","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks (IPSN '09)","author":"Ceriotti M.","key":"B2-2015-450568"},{"key":"B3-2015-450568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1644038.1644049"},{"key":"B4-2015-450568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IPSN.2014.6846750"},{"first-page":"381","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 7th Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI '06)","author":"Werner-Allen G.","key":"B5-2015-450568"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Permafrost (NICOP '08)","author":"Hasler A.","key":"B6-2015-450568"},{"key":"B7-2015-450568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1460412.1460423"},{"key":"B8-2015-450568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/infocom.2006.114"},{"key":"B9-2015-450568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1247660.1247669"},{"first-page":"1450","volume-title":"Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition (DATE '10)","author":"Shea R.","key":"B10-2015-450568"},{"key":"B11-2015-450568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/sahcn.2008.51"},{"key":"B12-2015-450568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/HPCA.2001.903264"},{"key":"B13-2015-450568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/mc.1984.1659158"},{"key":"B16-2015-450568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2426656.2426675"},{"key":"B14-2015-450568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-27139-2_7"},{"key":"B15-2015-450568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1182807.1182834"},{"key":"B21-2015-450568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/les.2009.2028037"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2015\/450568","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1155\/2015\/450568","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2015\/450568","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,7]],"date-time":"2021-05-07T17:31:38Z","timestamp":1620408698000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2015\/450568"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,1]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2015\/450568"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2015\/450568","relation":{},"ISSN":["1550-1477","1550-1477"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1550-1477"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1550-1477"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,1]]}}}