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Thus, we evaluated the effect of eradication therapy on TLR2 and TLR4 mRNA and protein expression in <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\u2010infected chronic gastritis patients (CG\u2010Hp+) and 3 months after treatment. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. A total of 37 patients CG\u2010Hp+ were evaluated. The relative quantification (RQ) of mRNA was assessed by TaqMan assay and protein expression by immunohistochemistry. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Before treatment both <jats:italic>TLR2<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>TLR4<\/jats:italic> mRNA in CG\u2010Hp+ patients were slightly increased (<jats:italic>TLR2<\/jats:italic> = 1.32; <jats:italic>TLR4<\/jats:italic> = 1.26) in relation to Hp\u2010negative normal gastric mucosa (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> \u2264 0.05). After successful eradication therapy no significant change was observed (<jats:italic>TLR2<\/jats:italic> = 1.47; <jats:italic>TLR4<\/jats:italic> = 1.53; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &gt; 0.05). In addition, the <jats:italic>cagA<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>vacA<\/jats:italic> bacterial genotypes did not influence the gene expression levels, and we observed a positive correlation between the RQ values of <jats:italic>TLR2<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>TLR4<\/jats:italic>, both before and after treatment. Immunoexpression of the TLR2 and TLR4 proteins confirmed the gene expression results. <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. In conclusion, the expression of both <jats:italic>TLR2<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>TLR4<\/jats:italic> is increased in CG\u2010Hp+ patients regardless of <jats:italic>cagA<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>vacA<\/jats:italic> status and this expression pattern is not significantly changed after eradication of bacteria, at least for the short period of time evaluated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/481972","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,22]],"date-time":"2015-03-22T21:04:49Z","timestamp":1427058289000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Effect of <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i> Eradication on TLR2 and TLR4 Expression in Patients with Gastric Lesions"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2015","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5513-866X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aline Cristina 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