{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T11:48:20Z","timestamp":1789645700773,"version":"4.0.0"},"reference-count":133,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,29]],"date-time":"2015-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1427587200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":87,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"12-5 State S&T Projects of China","award":["2012ZX10002007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012ZX10002007"]}]},{"name":"12-5 State S&T Projects of China","award":["81400622"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81400622"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2012ZX10002007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012ZX10002007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81400622"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81400622"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Mediators of Inflammation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Exacerbation of hepatitis B virus\u2010associated liver injury is characterized by abnormal immune response which not only mobilizes specific antiviral effects but also poses a potentially lethal nonspecific sterile inflammation to the host. How nonspecific sterile inflammation is triggered after the preexisting injury caused by specific immune injury remains elusive. In the setting of sterile inflammation, endogenous damage\u2010associated molecular patterns are released by stressed and dying hepatocytes, which alarm the immune system through their potential pattern recognition receptors and related signaling pathways, orchestrate the influx of diverse cytokines, and ultimately amplify liver destruction. This review highlights current knowledge about the sterile hepatic inflammation in the exacerbation of chronic hepatitis B.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/508681","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,29]],"date-time":"2015-03-29T21:02:05Z","timestamp":1427662925000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["The Sterile Inflammation in the Exacerbation of HBV\u2010Associated Liver Injury"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2015","author":[{"given":"Qiao","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guohua","family":"Lou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0801644"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1691527"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12072-008-9106-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2007.07.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-010-9483-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201141852"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-8-113"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0401771101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(02)00305-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0508913102"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)91818-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2010.02262.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2012.00056"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.021908.132629"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22034"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21060"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2012.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-030409-101323"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.12.040194.005015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-immunol-030409-101311"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1358\/dnp.2000.13.9.858479"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01764-09"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2011.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.78.23.13122-13131.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2012.02.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/74704"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.164.1.13"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04050-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2006.03.171"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2010.12.124"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v13.i44.5911"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2005.12.050"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/pr800547v"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI40124"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01991"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2741\/3950"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v16.i5.603"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_2","first-page":"159","article-title":"Evaluation of serum uric acid to creatinine ratio in fulminant hepatitis.","volume":"48","author":"Omori N.","year":"1994","journal-title":"Acta Medica Okayama"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v13.i7.1060"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20050914"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_2","first-page":"289","article-title":"Immunotherapeutic applications of CpG-containing oligodeoxynucleotides","volume":"13","author":"Klinman D. M.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Drug News and Perspectives"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1329"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35099560"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M310175200"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2011.02501.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI35958"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2012.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-0004(01)01801-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagrm.2009.09.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0300-9475.2005.01534.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00682-11"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20042614"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0050668"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vim.2010.0080"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_2","first-page":"812","article-title":"Serum level of HMGB1 in patients with hepatitis B and its clinical significance","volume":"15","author":"Liu H.-B.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-11-21"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_2","first-page":"499","article-title":"High mobility group box-1 protein inhibits regulatory T cell immune activity in liver failure in patients with chronic hepatitis B","volume":"9","author":"Wang L. W.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases International"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SHK.0b013e3181df0433"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0306173"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3083.2008.02194.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-010-0681-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2009.03.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.1008585"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2011.02501.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.4.2531"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1457"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2006-09-044776"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0810470"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2009.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2011.53"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0606854104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.298703"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2011.03.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_74_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25768"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_75_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2005.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_76_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jss.2010.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_77_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/jir.2011.0109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_78_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0676.2003.00808.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_79_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2012.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_80_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2014.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_81_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2007.01604.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_82_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.021908.132715"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_83_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1000510"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_84_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-010-0567-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_85_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1631"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_86_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04516"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_87_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00352.2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_88_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI35958"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_89_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0015784"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_90_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11302-013-9398-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_91_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.10445"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_92_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1496"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_93_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1359-6101(00)00015-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_94_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.3.1627"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_95_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2010040430"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_96_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2873"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_97_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-004-6249-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_98_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20366"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_99_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.178.10.6634"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_100_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2009.181040"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_101_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.9.6525"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_102_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.167.9.4844"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_103_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0306180"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_104_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0306171"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_105_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.12.8701"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_106_2","first-page":"787","article-title":"Endosomal translocation of vertebrate DNA activates dendritic cells via TLR9-dependent and -independent pathways","volume":"14","author":"Yasuda K.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_107_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14728222.2010.501333"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_108_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imlet.2012.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_109_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/tx900086v"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_110_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1002061"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_111_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23640"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_112_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.177.9.6370"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_113_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imbio.2013.04.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_114_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0901575"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_115_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3399"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_116_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80278-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_117_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2893.1996.tb00101.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_118_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.172521999"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_119_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25982"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_120_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.152.7.3245"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_121_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.68.3.1418-1425.1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_122_2","first-page":"750","article-title":"HBcAg induces interleukin-10 production, inhibiting HBcAg-specific Th17 responses in chronic hepatitis B patients","volume":"25","author":"Li J.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Immunology and Cell Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_123_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2009.06154.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_124_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2007.02691.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_125_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-10-193"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_126_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.12082"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_127_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02710-12"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_128_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_129_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/653496"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_130_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0045291"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_131_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0051747"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_132_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.iy.13.040195.000333"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_133_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1101408"}],"container-title":["Mediators of Inflammation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/mi\/2015\/508681.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/mi\/2015\/508681.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2015\/508681","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]],"date-time":"2024-08-05T22:03:37Z","timestamp":1722895417000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2015\/508681"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Oscar","family":"Bottasso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"editor"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"references-count":133,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2015\/508681"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2015\/508681","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0962-9351","1466-1861"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0962-9351","type":"print"},{"value":"1466-1861","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2014-06-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2014-10-08","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2015-03-29","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"508681"}}