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Sulphotransferase 2A1 (SULT2A1) exerts hepatoprotective effects. Transcription of<jats:italic>SULT2A1<\/jats:italic>gene is induced by pregnane-X-receptor (PXR) and can be repressed by miR-378a-5p. We studied the PXR\/SULT2A1 axis in chronic cholestatic conditions: primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC).<jats:italic>Materials\/Methods<\/jats:italic>. Western-blot\/PCRs for SULT2A1\/PXR were performed in PSC (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>11<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), PBC (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>19<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), and control liver tissues (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>19<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>).<jats:italic>PXR<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>SULT2A1<\/jats:italic>mRNA was analyzed in intestinal tissues from 22 PSC patients. Genomic DNA was isolated from blood of PSC patients (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>120<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) and an equal number of healthy volunteers. Liver miRNA expression was evaluated using Affymetrix-Gene-Chip miRNA4.0.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Increased PXR protein was observed in both PSC and PBC compared to controls and was accompanied by a significant increase of SULT2A1 in PBC but not in PSC. Decreased expression of<jats:italic>SULT2A1<\/jats:italic>mRNA was also seen in ileum of patients with PSC. Unlike PBC, miRNA analysis in PSC has shown a substantial increase in liver miR-378a-5p.<jats:italic>Conclusions.<\/jats:italic>PSC is characterized by disease-specific impairment of SULT2A1 expression following PXR activation, a phenomenon which is not noted in PBC, and may account for the impaired hepatoprotection in PSC. miRNA analysis suggests that SULT2A1 expression in PSC may be regulated by miR-378a-5p, connoting its pathogenic role.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/571353","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,4]],"date-time":"2015-10-04T17:05:36Z","timestamp":1443978336000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Liver Expression of Sulphotransferase 2A1 Enzyme Is Impaired in Patients with Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis: Lack of the Response to Enhanced Expression of PXR"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2015","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8740-5243","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ewa","family":"Wunsch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Molecular Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Klak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Urszula","family":"Wasik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malgorzata","family":"Milkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, 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