{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T17:04:58Z","timestamp":1780938298059,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001411","name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001411","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Advances in Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>West Nile Virus (WNV) is a pathogenic arbovirus that belongs to genus<jats:italic>Flavivirus<\/jats:italic>under family Flaviviridae. Till now there are no approved vaccines against WNV for human use. In this study, the effect of two alkylating agents, formaldehyde and<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>-PL, generally used for inactivated vaccine preparation, was assessed on the basis of antigenic and immunogenic potential of the inactivated WNV. Lineage 5 WNV isolates were inactivated by both formalin and<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>-PL treatments. Inactivation was confirmed by repeated passage in BHK-21 cell line and infant mice. Viruses inactivated by both the treatments showed higher antigenicity. Immune response in mice model showed serum anti-WNV antibody titre was moderately higher in formalin inactivated antigen compared to<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>-PL inactivated antigen. However, no significant differences were observed in neutralization antibody titre. In conclusion, we can state that both formaldehyde and<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>-PL inactivation processes were found to be equally efficient for inactivation of WNV. However, they need to be compared with other inactivating agents along with study on cell mediated immune response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/616898","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,27]],"date-time":"2015-08-27T21:33:35Z","timestamp":1440711215000},"page":"1-5","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Comparison of<i>\u03b2<\/i>-Propiolactone and Formalin Inactivation on Antigenicity and Immune Response of West Nile Virus"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2015","author":[{"given":"Pritom","family":"Chowdhury","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Arbovirology Group, Entomology and Filariasis Division, Regional Medical Research Centre, ICMR, Northeast Region, Post Box No. 105, Dibrugarh, Assam 786001, India"},{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Tocklai Tea Research Institute, TRA, Jorhat, Assam 785008, 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