{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T20:17:16Z","timestamp":1791231436393,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"Ministero della Salute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The epidemiology of West Nile disease (WND) is influenced by multiple ecological factors and, therefore, integrated surveillance systems are needed for early detecting the infection and activating consequent control actions. As different animal species have different importance in the maintenance and in the spread of the infection, a multispecies surveillance approach is required. An integrated and comprehensive surveillance system is in place in Italy aiming at early detecting the virus introduction, monitoring the possible infection spread, and implementing preventive measures for human health. This paper describes the integrated surveillance system for WND in Italy, which incorporates data from veterinary and human side in order to evaluate the burden of infection in animals and humans and provide the public health authorities at regional and national levels with the information needed for a fine tune response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/643439","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,22]],"date-time":"2015-03-22T17:06:25Z","timestamp":1427043985000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Vector Borne Infections in Italy: Results of the Integrated Surveillance System for West Nile Disease in 2013"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2015","author":[{"given":"Christian","family":"Napoli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Nazionale di Epidemiologia, Sorveglianza e Promozione della Salute, Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6380-0898","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Simona","family":"Iannetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro di Referenza Nazionale per l\u2019Epidemiologia Veterinaria, la Programmazione, l\u2019Informazione e l\u2019Analisi del Rischio, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell\u2019Abruzzo e del Molise \u201cG. 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