{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T20:59:30Z","timestamp":1790629170077,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Thyroid Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Problem<\/jats:italic>. Clinical features of Graves\u2019 hyperthyroidism (GH) generally improve during pregnancy and rebound in the postpartum period. It is unclear whether the ophthalmopathy that is associated with GH and, less often, Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis (HT) changes in parallel with the thyroid associated antibody reactions and clinical features or runs a different course.<jats:italic>Method of Study<\/jats:italic>. We retrospectively studied 19 patients with autoimmune thyroid disease over 22 pregnancies: 9 pregnancies with GH and 13 with HT. Ophthalmopathy was defined by NOSPECS class.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and thyroglobulin (Tg) antibody titres decreased during pregnancy and rose in the postpartum period. During pregnancy, 5 patients with GH and 4 patients with HT developed mild ophthalmopathy and two patients with GH and HT developed new upper eyelid retraction (UER). In the postpartum period, eye scores improved in 3 patients with GH and 3 with HT, remained stable in two and 5 patients, respectively, and worsened in 2 patients with GH and one with HT.<jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>. In patients with mild to moderate eye signs associated with GH and HT, the orbital and thyroid reactions ran different courses during pregnancy. Since no patient had severe ophthalmopathy, we cannot draw definitive conclusions from this preliminary study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/698470","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,21]],"date-time":"2015-12-21T16:02:29Z","timestamp":1450713749000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Relationship between Clinical and Immunological Features of Thyroid Autoimmunity and Ophthalmopathy during Pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2015","author":[{"given":"Jack R.","family":"Wall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Nepean Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hooshang","family":"Lahooti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Nepean Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily J.","family":"Hibbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Nepean Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Champion","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Nepean Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"98","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-0966"},{"issue":"1","key":"2","first-page":"30","volume":"31","year":"1978","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Immunology"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/105072502761016476"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.14.6.747"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2009.0199"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S6534"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-4271"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejm200010263431707"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408360091174303"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.73.8.639"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(69)91246-x"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2006.16.967"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2004.02167.x"},{"issue":"3","key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1002\/jlb.63.3.281","volume":"63","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Leukocyte Biology"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ogx.0b013e318239e1ee"},{"issue":"4","key":"16","first-page":"177","volume":"2","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ophthalmology Research"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002341-199306000-00001"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/bf03345276"},{"key":"19","first-page":"281","volume":"2","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ophthalmology Research"}],"container-title":["Journal of Thyroid Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jtr\/2015\/698470.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jtr\/2015\/698470.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jtr\/2015\/698470.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,2]],"date-time":"2019-09-02T16:15:13Z","timestamp":1567440913000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/jtr\/2015\/698470\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"references-count":19,"alternative-id":["698470","698470"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2015\/698470","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-8067","2042-0072"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-8067","type":"print"},{"value":"2042-0072","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015]]}}}