{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T12:42:58Z","timestamp":1740141778157,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,1]],"date-time":"2015-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1433116800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2010-0018116"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2010-0018116"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> We propose and analyse a medium access control (MAC) protocol for low energy critical infrastructure monitoring (LECIM) networks. As the packet drop probability plays crucial role in LECIM applications, we propose framed slotted aloha based MAC for LECIM using linearly increased contention window size to reduce the packet drop probability. We present a mathematical model of our proposed MAC under both saturated and nonsaturated traffic scenarios. We use probabilistic approach to find the performance metrics such as collision probability, packet drop probability, throughput, and energy consumption. Also, we obtain the probability-generating function of the head-of-line (HoL) delay of packet. The analytical results match with simulations. Our results can be used in the design of a system by providing the optimum system parameters for endpoints satisfying the given quality of service requirements on packet drop probability, energy consumption, and delay. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/701418","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,2]],"date-time":"2015-06-02T01:14:07Z","timestamp":1433207647000},"page":"701418","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Modeling MAC Protocol Based on Frame Slotted Aloha for Low Energy Critical Infrastructure Sensor Networks"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7033-1804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niamat","family":"Ullah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Science Department, Government Postgraduate Jahanzeb College Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 19130, Pakistan"}]},{"given":"Kifayat","family":"Ullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Swat, Saidu Sharif, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 21300, Pakistan"}]},{"given":"S. M. Riazul","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Information & Communication Engineering, Inha University, 253 Yonghyun-dong, Nam-gu, Incheon 402-751, Republic of Korea"}]},{"given":"Pervaiz","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Information & Communication Engineering, Inha University, 253 Yonghyun-dong, Nam-gu, Incheon 402-751, Republic of Korea"}]},{"given":"Sana","family":"Ullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CISTER Research Unit, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Kyung Sup","family":"Kwak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Information & Communication Engineering, Inha University, 253 Yonghyun-dong, Nam-gu, Incheon 402-751, Republic of Korea"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1-2015-701418","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dac.2487"},{"key":"B2-2015-701418","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SECPERU.2006.19"},{"key":"B3-2015-701418","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.istr.2007.02.003"},{"key":"B4-2015-701418","first-page":"629","volume":"4","author":"Albano M.","year":"2009","journal-title":"International Journal of Information Assurance and Security"},{"key":"B5-2015-701418","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-03944-7_11","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 3rd IFIP WG 11.2 International Workshop on Information Security Theory and Practice (WISTP '09)","volume":"5746","author":"Martin K. 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