{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,4]],"date-time":"2025-07-04T00:08:39Z","timestamp":1751587719661},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Objectives<\/jats:italic>. This study analyzed the long-term hearing loss after treatment of primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma to elucidate its causal factors.<jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. Ninety-two nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients were treated with radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. Pure tone audiometry was performed before the therapy and annually up to 9 years after completing treatment. The hearing thresholds were corrected for age-related deterioration and compared to the results without adjusting for age.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. The mean air and bone conduction threshold with and without correction for age-related deterioration differed significantly 2\u20139 years after completing radiotherapy<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mrow><mml:mfenced separators=\"|\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mfenced><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>. The audiometry results with age correction showed a flattened configuration compared to the results without age correction. The total radiation dose and radiation modality showed a causal relationship with a greater incidence of hearing loss after therapy<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mrow><mml:mfenced separators=\"|\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mfenced><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>. There was more deterioration in the air and bone hearing thresholds with conformal radiotherapy than intensity-modulated radiotherapy<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mrow><mml:mfenced separators=\"|\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mfenced><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>. A radiation dose &gt;72\u2009cGy resulted in more severe hearing loss than &lt;72\u2009cGy<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mrow><mml:mfenced separators=\"|\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:mfenced><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>.<jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. Hearing loss after completing therapy should be corrected for age-related hearing deterioration to reveal the true extent to which the loss is a therapeutic complication. Both the radiation modality used and the dose were significantly associated with hearing loss.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/769806","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,16]],"date-time":"2015-08-16T21:03:25Z","timestamp":1439759005000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Hearing Assessment after Treatment of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma with CRT and IMRT Techniques"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2015","author":[{"given":"Chung-Feng","family":"Hwang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fu-Min","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 83301, 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