{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T13:18:18Z","timestamp":1767705498120},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Canadian Respiratory Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>BACKGROUND: Aside from the known role of common bacteria, there is a paucity of data regarding the possible role of atypical bacteria and viruses in exacerbations of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis.<\/jats:p><jats:p>OBJECTIVE: To explore the possible role of atypical bacteria (namely,<jats:italic>Mycoplasma pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Chlamydophila pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) as causative agents of bronchiectasis exacerbations.<\/jats:p><jats:p>METHODS: A cohort of 33 patients was studied over a two-year period (one year follow-up for each patient). Polymerase chain reaction for the detection of<jats:italic>M pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>C pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>and RSV in bronchoalveolar lavage samples were performed during all visits. Antibody titres (immunoglobulin [Ig]M and IgG) against the aforementioned pathogens were also measured. In addition, cultures for common bacteria and mycobacteria were performed from the bronchoalveolar lavage samples.<\/jats:p><jats:p>RESULTS: Fifteen patients experienced a total of 19 exacerbations during the study period. Although RSV was detected by polymerase chain reaction during stable visits in four patients, it was never detected during an exacerbation.<jats:italic>M pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>C pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>were never detected at stable visits or during exacerbations. IgM antibody titres for these three pathogens were negative in all patient visits.<\/jats:p><jats:p>CONCLUSIONS: Atypical pathogens and RSV did not appear to be causative agents of bronchiectasis exacerbations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/783682","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,15]],"date-time":"2016-03-15T04:04:34Z","timestamp":1458014674000},"page":"163-166","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Bronchiectasis Exacerbations: The Role of Atypical Bacteria and Respiratory Syncytial Virus"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Eugenios I","family":"Metaxas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonology Department, Evaggelismos General Hospital, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Evangelos","family":"Balis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonology Department, Evaggelismos General Hospital, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Papaparaskevas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicholas E","family":"Spanakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georgios","family":"Tatsis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonology Department, Evaggelismos General Hospital, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Athanasios","family":"Tsakris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"98","container-title":["Canadian Respiratory Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crj\/2015\/783682.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/crj\/2015\/783682.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,23]],"date-time":"2016-08-23T10:59:11Z","timestamp":1471949951000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/crj\/2015\/783682\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]}},"alternative-id":["783682"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2015\/783682","relation":{},"ISSN":["1198-2241"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1198-2241","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015]]}}}