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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that control the expression of genes, including some involved in the progression of IPAH, as studied in animals and lung tissue. These molecules circulate freely in the blood and their expression is associated with the progression of different vascular pathologies. Here, we studied the expression profile of circulating miRNAs in 12 well-characterized IPAH patients using microarrays. We found significant changes in 61 miRNAs, of which the expression of miR23a was correlated with the patients\u2019 pulmonary function. We also studied the expression profile of circulating messenger RNA (mRNAs) and found that miR23a controlled 17% of the significantly changed mRNA, including PGC1<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, which was recently associated with the progression of IPAH. Finally we found that silencing of miR23a resulted in an increase of the expression of PGC1<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, as well as in its well-known regulated genes<jats:italic>CYC<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>SOD<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>NRF2<\/jats:italic>, and<jats:italic>HO1<\/jats:italic>. The results point to the utility of circulating miRNA expression as a biomarker of disease progression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/792846","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,26]],"date-time":"2015-02-26T16:04:10Z","timestamp":1424966650000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Role of Circulating miRNAs as Biomarkers in Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Possible Relevance of miR-23a"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2015","author":[{"given":"Irene","family":"Sarrion","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Catolica de Valencia, Guillem de Castro Street 106, 46003 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lara","family":"Milian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, Blasco Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez Avenue 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n para el Fomento de la 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