{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T01:01:45Z","timestamp":1793235705832,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Ophthalmology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC-IOL) subluxation is uncommon but represents one of the most serious complications following phacoemulsification. Late spontaneous IOL-capsular bag complex dislocation is defined as occurring three months or later following cataract surgery. Unlike early IOL dislocation, late spontaneous IOL dislocation is due to a progressive zonular dehiscence and contraction of the capsular bag many years what seemed to be uneventful surgery. In recent years, late in-the-bag IOL subluxation or dislocation has been reported with increasing frequency, having a cumulative risk of IOL dislocation following cataract extraction of 0.1% after 10 years and 1.7% after 25 years. A predisposition to zonular insufficiency and capsular contraction is identified in 90% of reviewed cases. Multiple conditions likely play a role in contributing to this zonular weakness and capsular contraction. Pseudoexfoliation is the most common risk factor, accounting for more than 50% of cases. Other associated conditions predisposing to zonular dehiscence are aging, high myopia, uveitis, trauma, previous vitreoretinal surgery, retinitis pigmentosa, diabetes mellitus, atopic dermatitis, previous acute angle-closure glaucoma attack, and connective tissue disorders. The recognition of these predisposing factors suggests a modified approach in cases at risk. We review certain measures to prevent IOL-bag complex luxation that have been proposed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/805706","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,21]],"date-time":"2015-12-21T16:42:34Z","timestamp":1450716154000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":142,"title":["Epidemiology, Etiology, and Prevention of Late IOL-Capsular Bag Complex Dislocation: Review of the Literature"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2015","author":[{"given":"Francisco J.","family":"Ascaso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University Clinic Hospital Lozano Blesa, Avenida San Juan Bosco 15, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Aragon Institute of Health Research (IIS Arag\u00f3n), Avenida San Juan Bosco 13, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valent\u00edn","family":"Huerva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital 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