{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T21:20:57Z","timestamp":1761513657747},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Hellenic Endocrine Society"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are formed on proteins after exposure to high concentrations of glucose and modify protein\u2019s immunogenicity. Herein, we investigated whether the modification of thyroglobulin (Tg) by AGEs influences its antigenicity and immunogenicity. Human Tg was incubated<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>with increasing concentrations of D-glucose-6-phosphate in order to produce Tgs with different AGE content (AGE-Tg). Native Tg and AGE-Tgs were used in ELISA to assess the serum antibody reactivity of two patient groups, pregnant women with gestational diabetes (GDM), and patients with Hashimoto\u2019s thyroiditis (HT). We produced<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>AGE-Tg with low and high AGE content, 13 and 49 AGE units\/mg Tg, respectively. All HT patients\u2019 sera presented the same antibody reactivity profile against native Tg and AGE-Tgs, indicating that the modification of Tg by AGEs did not alter its antigenicity. Similarly, the GDM patients\u2019 sera did not discriminate among the two forms of Tg, native or artificially glycated, suggesting that the modification of Tg by AGEs might not alter its immunogenicity. The modification of Tg by AGEs has no obvious effect on neither its antigenicity nor, most likely, its immunogenicity. It seems that other Tg modifications might account for the production of aTgAbs in patients with GDM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/849615","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,2]],"date-time":"2015-07-02T21:01:47Z","timestamp":1435870907000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effect of Advanced Glycation End Products on Human Thyroglobulin\u2019s Antigenicity as Identified by the Use of Sera from Patients with Hashimoto\u2019s Thyroiditis and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2015","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Hatzioannou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Laboratory, Immunology Department, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 127 Vasilissis Sofias Avenue, 11521 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I.","family":"Kanistras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Laboratory, Immunology Department, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 127 Vasilissis Sofias Avenue, 11521 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Mantzou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrine Unit Athens University, Evgenideion Hospital, 20 Papadiamantopoulou Street, 11528 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Anastasiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrine Unit, Department of Medical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, Athens University School of Medicine, 80 Vasilissis Sofias Avenue, 11528 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Peppa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics, Mt Sinai School of Medicine, 1468 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Sarantopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrine Unit, Department of Medical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, Athens University School of Medicine, 80 Vasilissis Sofias Avenue, 11528 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Lymberi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Laboratory, Immunology Department, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 127 Vasilissis Sofias Avenue, 11521 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Alevizaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrine Unit Athens University, Evgenideion Hospital, 20 Papadiamantopoulou Street, 11528 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"98","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc05-2096"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000456329703400105"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejm197608192950804"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.635569"},{"issue":"3","key":"5","first-page":"297","volume":"63","year":"2014","journal-title":"Physiological Research"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0034-1372594"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0009-8981(00)00389-2"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar622"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0268-960X(98)90021-2"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi00034a021"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi9530550"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.m200370-jlr200"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-2795(68)90247-x"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/227680a0"},{"issue":"8","key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5133","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)42741-X","volume":"267","year":"1992","journal-title":"The Journal of Biological Chemistry"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-1759(97)00110-5"},{"issue":"2","key":"17","first-page":"336","volume":"100","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Immunology"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2003.02162.x"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0009-8981(98)00128-4"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08916939209148468"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0014-4835(87)80011-8"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.45.11.1489"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250051032"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250050839"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-8632-0_49"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.18.10828"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/0264-6021:3600557"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2004.09.007"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-12-325514"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.143.3.1008"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Endocrinology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ije\/2015\/849615.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ije\/2015\/849615.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ije\/2015\/849615.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,16]],"date-time":"2022-05-16T21:06:34Z","timestamp":1652735194000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/ije\/2015\/849615\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"references-count":30,"alternative-id":["849615","849615"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2015\/849615","relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-8337","1687-8345"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1687-8337","type":"print"},{"value":"1687-8345","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015]]}}}