{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T10:19:05Z","timestamp":1782901145024,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Hindawi Limited","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. Canaliculitis may cause punctal or canalicular swelling, discharge, erythema, and sometimes concretions. This study examined the clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcomes of primary canaliculitis from patients at a top-rated hospital in Beijing, China.<jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. Medical records of 16 patients (retrospective case series) were studied.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. This study included four males and twelve females with a median age of 72.5 years. The mean and the median follow-up time were 10.4 months and 6 months, respectively. The mostly observed clinical symptoms were epiphora with discharge (94%), while the mostly observed signs included pouting punctum (75%) and punctal regurgitation of concretions under syringing (75%). Only the symptoms of one patient among those with conservative therapy completely resolved within two-year follow-up. Curettage therapy was found to partly resolve the clinical symptoms and signs within the follow-up of four weeks. Fifteen patients finally received curettage with punctoplasty, and symptoms completely resolved in fourteen patients after one surgery.<jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>. Syringing with pressing of lacrimal sac area may help better diagnosis of canaliculitis. Additionally, curettage with punctoplasty is recommended for thorough removal of concretions and complete resolution of canaliculitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/904756","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,17]],"date-time":"2015-02-17T16:03:08Z","timestamp":1424188988000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Clinical Characteristics, Treatment Patterns, and Outcomes of Primary Canaliculitis among Patients in Beijing, China"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2015","author":[{"given":"Qin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, People\u2019s Eye Institute, Peking University People\u2019s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Vision Loss and Restoration, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"Peking University Center for Human Disease Genomics, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beibei","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University Medical Informatics Center, Beijing 100191, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Xin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, People\u2019s Eye Institute, Peking University People\u2019s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Vision Loss and Restoration, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100044, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming-Wu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, People\u2019s Eye Institute, Peking University People\u2019s Hospital, Beijing 100044, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Vision Loss and Restoration, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100044, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"98","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000310528"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0b013e3181b8c185"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/iop.0b013e31825fb0cd"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optm.2009.03.016"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01676830590890774"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archopht.1992.01080140056026"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1076\/orbi.23.1.19.28985"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.2009.01827.x"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2009.03.032"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2006.05.032"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.1997.tb01520.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"12","first-page":"73","volume":"15","year":"1980","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2010.12.001"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-004-0871-5"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0301-4738.41423"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1755-3768.2008.01367.x"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/iop.0b013e31805819f4"},{"issue":"2","key":"19","first-page":"103","volume":"42","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.1993.118"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.1993.tb00968.x"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1259\/0007-1285-66-785-389"}],"container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2015\/904756.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2015\/904756.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2015\/904756.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,18]],"date-time":"2016-08-18T23:44:58Z","timestamp":1471563898000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2015\/904756\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"references-count":21,"alternative-id":["904756","904756"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2015\/904756","relation":{},"ISSN":["2314-6133","2314-6141"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2314-6133","type":"print"},{"value":"2314-6141","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015]]}}}