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Venom caused complete, irreversible blockade in PND (40\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/mL), but only partial blockade (~30%) in EPSTA (3.6\u2009mg\/kg, i.m.) after 120\u2009min. In PND, preincubation of venom with commercial bothropic antivenom (CBA) attenuated the venom-induced blockade, and, in EPSTA, CBA given i.v. 15\u2009min after venom also attenuated the blockade (by ~70% in both preparations). Preincubation of venom with betulin (200\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/mL) markedly attenuated the venom-induced blockade in PND; similarly, a single dose of betulin (20\u2009mg, i.p., 15\u2009min after venom) virtually abolished the venom-induced decrease in contractility. Plasma creatine kinase activity was significantly elevated 120\u2009min after venom injection in the EPSTA but was attenuated by CBA and betulin. These results indicate that betulin given i.p. has a similar efficacy as CBA given i.v. in attenuating the neuromuscular effects of<jats:italic>B. jararacussu<\/jats:italic>venom<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>and could be a useful complementary measure to antivenom therapy for treating snakebite.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/939523","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,8]],"date-time":"2015-11-08T21:02:10Z","timestamp":1447016530000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The Triterpenoid Betulin Protects against the Neuromuscular Effects of<i>Bothrops jararacussu<\/i>Snake Venom<i>In Vivo<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2015","author":[{"given":"Miri\u00e9le Cristina","family":"Ferraz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmacy Course, University of Sorocaba (UNISO), Rodovia Raposo Tavares, Km 92,5, 18023-000 Sorocaba, SP, 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