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To test the effectiveness of a colorectal cancer (CRC) screening intervention among adults living in Ohio Appalachia.<jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. We conducted a group-randomized trial of a county-level intervention among adults living in 12 Ohio Appalachian counties who received a media campaign and clinic intervention focused on either CRC screening or fruits and vegetables. Participants\u2019 percentage within CRC screening guidelines was assessed with cross-sectional surveys conducted annually for four years, and validated with medical record review of screening.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. On average, screening data were obtained on 564 intervention and 559 comparison participants per year. There was no difference in the Wave 4 CRC screening rates of intervention and comparison counties (35.2% versus 31.4%). Multivariate analyses found that high perceived risk of CRC, willingness to have a CRC test if recommended by a doctor, doctor recommendation of a CRC screening test, and patient-physician communication about changes in bowel habits, family history of CRC, and eating fruits and vegetables were significant (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) predictors of being within CRC screening guidelines.<jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>. The intervention was not effective in increasing CRC rates among Ohio Appalachian adults. Future research should determine how media and clinic-based interventions can be modified to improve CRC screening rates among this underserved population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/943152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,5]],"date-time":"2015-10-05T17:05:16Z","timestamp":1444064716000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["A Media and Clinic Intervention to Increase Colorectal Cancer Screening in Ohio Appalachia"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2015","author":[{"given":"Jessica L.","family":"Krok-Schoen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 1590 N. High Street, Suite 525, Columbus, OH 43201, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mira L.","family":"Katz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 1590 N. High Street, Suite 525, Columbus, OH 43201, USA"},{"name":"Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 395 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"},{"name":"Division of Health Behavior and Health Promotion, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, 1841 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jill M.","family":"Oliveri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, 1590 N. 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High Street, Suite 525, Columbus, OH 43201, USA"},{"name":"Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, 395 W. 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jesse J.","family":"Plascak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biobehavioral Cancer Prevention and Control Training Program, University of Washington, P.O. Box 359455, Seattle, WA 98195, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael D.","family":"Slater","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Communication, The Ohio State University, 3022 Derby Hall, 154 N. 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